Revealing Final Destination of Special Steel Materials with Input-Output-Based Material Flow Analysis

Metals are indispensable in our modern society. In particular, iron is the most commonly consumed metal, and has been used for building the foundation of our lives since the Iron and Steel Ages.1) Iron is mainly consumed as a form of steel that consists of mostly iron and trace amounts of carbon (up to 2%) as well as alloying elements such as manganese, chromium, and nickel to add various physical and chemical properties. In addition, demand for steel materials having special properties—so-called “special steel,” including alloy steel and stainless steel—are increasing. Because of the significance of the steel market2,3) and the relatively large number of alloying elements added to special steels, the use of various metals in the steel industry has been very important. The conservation and recycling of metals is considered key to the sustainable development of our society.4) On that point, iron is a significant recycled metal.5) Approximately 30% of steel is produced by electric arc furnaces (EAFs), which is part of the recycling process for iron and steel scrap.6) However, as recent studies pointed out, the recycling of steel as an iron source may cause the loss of accompanyRevealing Final Destination of Special Steel Materials with InputOutput-Based Material Flow Analysis

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