Technology Roadmapping for wind energy: case of the Pacific Northwest

Abstract Wind Energy has been existent for many centuries and has advanced in both products and technologies. The objective of this study is to identify the future adoption, products, and technologies for Residential and Industrial consumers in a form of a graphical Technology Roadmap. Technology Roadmapping (TRM) is a high level planning tool used for strategy planning, implementation and aligning technologies and products with overall business objectives. The study considered the following aspects as the basis of the roadmap (market drivers): environmental concerns, rising cost and dependency on fossil fuel, business opportunities, government involvement and availability of natural wind resources in the Pacific Northwest (NW). The results of this study show, as implementation and the shift towards renewable energies unfold, specifically wind energy, we will notice a considerable reduction in the fluctuation and high cost of utilities, increased efforts towards the alarming concerns of global warming and environment degradation, evolving technologies, and its products as a dependable alternative energy resource. This paper also highlights the benefits in utilizing wind energy to residential, commercial and industrial consumers within the Pacific NW.

[1]  James J. Winebrake.  Technology Roadmaps as a Tool for Energy Planning and Policy Decisions , 2004 .

[2]  David Toke,et al.  Renewable financial support systems and cost-effectiveness , 2007 .

[3]  Mohammed S. Al-Soud,et al.  A 50 MW concentrating solar power plant for Jordan , 2009 .

[4]  Tugrul U. Daim,et al.  Evaluating alternative fuels in USA: a proposed forecasting framework using AHP and scenarios , 2007 .

[5]  Mark Jaccard,et al.  The renewable portfolio standard:: design considerations and an implementation survey , 2001 .

[6]  Dennis Anderson,et al.  Harvesting and redistributing renewable energy: on the role of gas and electricity grids to overcome intermittency through the generation and storage of hydrogen , 2004 .

[7]  B. Hirschl,et al.  International renewable energy policy—between marginalization and initial approaches , 2009 .

[8]  Hossein Mobli,et al.  Technical and economical assessment of a multipurpose electric vehicle for farmers , 2009 .

[9]  D. Probert,et al.  Customizing roadmapping , 2004, IEEE Engineering Management Review.

[10]  Robert R. Harmon,et al.  A multiple perspectives view of the market case for green energy , 2009 .

[11]  Xia Cao,et al.  The wind rises abruptly, disturbing a pond of ‘Clear Water’: reflections on the pollution blacklisting of 33 Chinese multinationals , 2008 .

[12]  Gerrit Muller,et al.  An architectural framework for roadmapping: Towards visual strategy , 2009 .

[13]  Benjamin K. Sovacool,et al.  Rejecting Renewables: The Socio-Technical Impediments to Renewable Electricity in the United States , 2008, Renewable Energy.

[14]  Benjamin K. Sovacool,et al.  Replacing tedium with transformation: Why the US Department of Energy needs to change the way it conducts long-term R&D , 2008 .

[15]  Karlynn Cory,et al.  Feed-in Tariff Policy: Design, Implementation, and RPS Policy Interactions , 2009 .

[16]  Robert Phaal,et al.  Technology roadmapping—A planning framework for evolution and revolution , 2004 .

[17]  Henrik Lund,et al.  New CHP partnerships offering balancing of fluctuating renewable electricity productions , 2005 .

[18]  Andreas Kontoleon,et al.  Assessing the determinants of local acceptability of wind-farm investment: A choice experiment in the Greek Aegean Islands , 2009 .

[19]  Naim Afgan,et al.  MULTI-CRITERIA ASSESSMENT OF NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY POWER PLANTS , 2002 .

[20]  Ronald N. Kostoff,et al.  Science and technology roadmaps , 2001, IEEE Trans. Engineering Management.

[21]  P. A. Pilavachi,et al.  Evaluation of hydrogen production methods using the Analytic Hierarchy Process , 2009 .

[22]  W. Kempton,et al.  Public opinion about large offshore wind power: Underlying factors , 2007 .

[23]  Joseph F. DeCarolis,et al.  The economics of large-scale wind power in a carbon constrained world , 2006 .

[24]  Paul Denholm,et al.  The value of compressed air energy storage with wind in transmission-constrained electric power systems , 2009 .

[25]  Frank N. Laird,et al.  The diverging paths of German and United States policies for renewable energy: Sources of difference , 2009 .

[26]  Peter Krajnik,et al.  Transitioning to sustainable production – Part I: application on machining technologies , 2010 .

[27]  Haitao Yin,et al.  Do State Renewable Portfolio Standards Promote In-State Renewable Generation? , 2010 .

[28]  D. Berry.  Innovation and the price of wind energy in the US , 2009 .

[29]  Tugrul U. Daim,et al.  Technology assessment for clean energy technologies: The case of the Pacific Northwest , 2009 .

[30]  Sungjoo Lee,et al.  Customization of technology roadmaps according to roadmapping purposes: Overall process and detailed modules , 2005 .

[31]  Nick Hanley,et al.  Using conjoint analysis to quantify public preferences over the environmental impacts of wind farms. An example from Spain , 2002 .

[32]  T. Buchholz,et al.  Sustainability criteria for bioenergy systems: results from an expert survey , 2009 .

[33]  Johann Köppel,et al.  Offshore wind energy development in the exclusive economic zone: Legal and policy supports and impediments in Germany and the US , 2009 .

[34]  Jamal O. Jaber,et al.  Evaluation of conventional and renewable energy sources for space heating in the household sector , 2008 .

[35]  Andrew D. Krueger.  Valuing public preferences for offshore wind power: A choice experiment approach , 2007 .

[36]  Cecília M.V.B. Almeida,et al.  Sustainability assessment of a giant bamboo plantation in Brazil: exploring the influence of labour, time and space , 2010 .

[37]  Lori Bird,et al.  Implications of carbon cap-and-trade for US voluntary renewable energy markets , 2008 .

[38]  Y. Gagnon,et al.  An analysis of feed-in tariff remuneration models: Implications for renewable energy investment , 2010 .

[39]  Enrique Ortega,et al.  Integrated environmental assessment of biodiesel production from soybean in Brazil , 2010 .

[40]  Amy H. I. Lee,et al.  Multi-criteria decision making on strategic selection of wind farms , 2009 .

[41]  J. Lilliestam,et al.  Development of SuperSmart Grids for a more efficient utilisation of electricity from renewable sources , 2009 .

[42]  P. A. Pilavachi,et al.  Evaluation of liquid bio-fuels using the Analytic Hierarchy Process , 2008 .

[43]  Rubyna K. Brenden,et al.  Wind energy roadmap , 2009, PICMET '09 - 2009 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering & Technology.

[44]  Semereab Habtetsion,et al.  Energy sector reform in Eritrea: initiatives and implications , 2007 .

[45]  Jacob Ladenburg,et al.  Willingness to pay for reduced visual disamenities from offshore wind farms in denmark , 2007 .

[46]  Petra Schweizer-Ries,et al.  Public acceptance of renewable energies: Results from case studies in Germany , 2008 .

[47]  Tugrul U. Daim,et al.  Application of technology roadmaps for renewable energy sector , 2010 .

[48]  L.W. Zelby,et al.  Guidelines for the development of a consistent long-range energy policy , 1990, IEEE Technology and Society Magazine.

[49]  Kristina Ek,et al.  Quantifying the environmental impacts of renewable energy : the case of Swedish wind power , 2006 .

[50]  R. Wiser,et al.  Wind power price trends in the United States: Struggling to remain competitive in the face of strong growth , 2009 .

[51]  Michal C. Moore,et al.  R&D advancement, technology diffusion, and impact on evaluation of public R&D ☆ , 2007 .

[52]  José L. Bernal-Agustín,et al.  Generation management using batteries in wind farms: Economical and technical analysis for Spain , 2009 .

[53]  Peter J. G. Pearson,et al.  Measuring preferences for low-carbon energy technologies in South-East England: the case of electricity generation , 2008 .

[54]  K. Lancaster.  A New Approach to Consumer Theory , 1966, Journal of Political Economy.

[55]  J. Meyerhoff,et al.  Landscape externalities from onshore wind power , 2010 .

[56]  R. Wiser,et al.  Policies and market factors driving wind power development in the United States , 2005 .