Diabetes und Krebsrisiko

Einleitung ▼ Diabetes und Krebs betreffen einen Großteil der Weltbevölkerung. Ihre Prävalenz steigt in den industrialisierten und den sich entwickelnden Regionen der Welt. 2011 waren weltweit etwa 366 Mio. Menschen an Diabetes erkrankt [41], und 2008 traten 12,7 Mio. Krebsfälle weltweit neu auf [19]. In den USA sind Krebserkrankungen die zweithäufigste Todesursache; Diabetes folgt bereits an fünfter Stelle [14]. Typ-2-Diabetes und häufig bei Diabetes auftretende Krebserkrankungen, wie Mamma-, Kolon-, Endometriumoder hepatozelluläres Karzinom, haben Gemeinsamkeiten; aufgrund einer individualisierten Therapie, die immer wieder angepasst werden muss, bedürfen sie einer dauerhaften und engen Anbindung an die behandelnden Ärzte. Außerdem nehmen beide Erkrankungen meistens einen chronischen Verlauf, da viele Krebserkrankungen heute relativ gut therapierbar sind. Weiterhin können frühe Screeningverfahren erfolgreich eingesetzt werden, um den Ausbruch der Erkrankungen zu verhindern und man geht davon aus, dass Überernährung und verminderte körperliche Aktivität großen Einfluss auf die Entstehung der Erkrankungen haben. Da man bislang beide Erkrankungen weitestgehend getrennt hinsichtlich deren Pathomechanismen erforscht hat, gilt es nun, auch nach gemeinsamen Pathomechanismen zu suchen, um frühzeitig für beide Erkrankungen relevante Präventionsund Interventionsmaßnahmen bereitstellen zu können.

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