Design of RC-active networks using generalized-immittance converters

Abstract A systematic RC-active network synthesis procedure for the realization of second-order transfer functions is proposed. The realization employs a single generalized impedance converter which can be implemented by using only two operational amplifiers. The sensitivity to passive element variations are found to be low. The sensitivity to variations in the amplifier d.c. gain is minimized and found comparable to that in other low sensitivity structures. A design procedure is developed in which tuning can be achieved by trimming only resistors. With the exception of one case, second-order sections can be cascaded without additional isolating amplifiers. The stability properties as well as the influence of the finite bandwidth of the amplifiers are examined. The design procedure is used to obtain a sixth-order Chebychev low-pass filter, and a sixth-order elliptic band-pass filter. Experimental results show that these realizations are insensitive to temperature and power supply variations.

[1]  D. F. Sheahan,et al.  Bandpass-filter realisation using gyrators , 1967 .

[2]  Leonard T. Bruton,et al.  Network Transfer Functions Using the Concept of Frequency-Dependent Negative Resistance , 1969 .

[3]  A. Antoniou.  Novel RC-active-network synthesis using generalized- immittance converters , 1970 .

[4]  B. B. Bhattacharyya,et al.  New minimal-capacitor low-sensitivity RC-active synthesis procedure , 1971 .

[5]  D. F. Sheahan,et al.  Inductorless bandpass filters , 1970 .

[6]  L. P. Huelsman,et al.  State-Variable Synthesis for Insensitive Integrated Circuit Transfer Functions , 1967 .

[7]  J. Gorski-Popiel,et al.  RC-active synthesis using positive-immittance convertors , 1967 .

[8]  L. Thomas,et al.  The Biquad: Part I-Some practical design considerations , 1971 .

[9]  B. B. Bhattacharyya,et al.  Stability properties of some RC active realisations , 1972 .

[10]  J. Tow.  A step-by-step active-filter design , 1969, IEEE Spectrum.

[11]  Andreas Antoniou,et al.  Realization of Gyrators Using Operational Amplifiers and their Use in RC-Active-Network Synthesis , 1969 .

[12]  Mohammed S. Ghausi,et al.  Very high-Q insensitive active RC networks , 1970 .

[13]  Andreas Antoniou,et al.  Stability properties of some gyrator circuits , 1968 .

[14]  L. Thomas.  The Biquad: Part II--A multipurpose active filtering system , 1971 .

[15]  George S. Moschytz,et al.  FEN filter design using tantalum and silicon integrated circuits , 1970 .

[16]  D. Cobb,et al.  Open-circuit voltage transfer-function synthesis using the generalized positive impedance converter , 1973 .

[17]  L. Bruton.  Biquadratic sections using generalized impedance converters , 1971 .

[18]  R.H.S. Riordan,et al.  Simulated inductors using differential amplifiers , 1967 .

[19]  A. Sedra,et al.  Some New Configurations for Active Filters , 1972 .