On non-uniqueness and uniqueness of solutions in finite-horizon Mean Field Games

This paper presents a class of evolutive Mean Field Games with multiple solutions for all time horizons T and convex but non-smooth Hamiltonian H, as well as for smooth H and T large enough. The phenomenon is analysed in both the PDE and the probabilistic setting. The examples are compared with the current theory about uniqueness of solutions. In particular, a new result on uniqueness for the MFG PDEs with small data, e.g., small T, is proved. Some results are also extended to MFGs with two populations.

[1]  X. Mao,et al.  Stochastic Differential Equations and Applications , 1998 .

[2]  P. Lions,et al.  Mean field games , 2007 .

[3]  A. Friedman 1 – Stochastic Processes , 1975 .

[4]  G. G. Stokes "J." , 1890, The New Yale Book of Quotations.

[5]  Olivier Guéant,et al.  A reference case for mean field games models , 2009 .

[6]  Ji-Feng Zhang,et al.  Mean Field Games for Large-Population Multiagent Systems with Markov Jump Parameters , 2012, SIAM J. Control. Optim..

[7]  Tsuyoshi Murata,et al.  {m , 1934, ACML.

[8]  P. Cardaliaguet,et al.  Stable solutions in potential mean field game systems , 2016, 1612.01877.

[9]  M. Bardi,et al.  Mean field games models of segregation , 2016, 1607.04453.

[10]  A. Bressan,et al.  Random extremal solutions of differential inclusions , 2016 .

[11]  Saran Ahuja,et al.  Wellposedness of Mean Field Games with Common Noise under a Weak Monotonicity Condition , 2014, SIAM J. Control. Optim..

[12]  W. Fleming,et al.  Controlled Markov processes and viscosity solutions , 1992 .

[13]  Marco Cirant On the existence of oscillating solutions in non-monotone Mean-Field Games , 2017, Journal of Differential Equations.

[14]  Vladimir I. Bogachev,et al.  Fokker-planck-kolmogorov Equations , 2015 .

[15]  R. Carmona,et al.  Mean field games with common noise , 2014, 1407.6181.

[16]  A. Friedman Stochastic Differential Equations and Applications , 1975 .

[17]  Marco Cirant,et al.  Multi-population Mean Field Games systems with Neumann boundary conditions , 2015 .

[18]  David M. Ambrose,et al.  Strong solutions for time-dependent mean field games with non-separable Hamiltonians , 2016, 1605.01745.

[19]  Rinel Foguen Tchuendom,et al.  Uniqueness for Linear-Quadratic Mean Field Games with Common Noise , 2018, Dyn. Games Appl..

[20]  Martino Bardi,et al.  Explicit solutions of some linear-quadratic mean field games , 2012, Networks Heterog. Media.

[21]  Ioannis Karatzas,et al.  Brownian Motion and Stochastic Calculus , 1987 .

[22]  A. Friedman Partial Differential Equations of Parabolic Type , 1983 .

[23]  P. Alam ‘E’ , 2021, Composites Engineering: An A–Z Guide.

[24]  René Carmona,et al.  Probabilistic Analysis of Mean-field Games , 2013 .

[25]  Peter E. Caines,et al.  Large population stochastic dynamic games: closed-loop McKean-Vlasov systems and the Nash certainty equivalence principle , 2006, Commun. Inf. Syst..

[26]  Peter E. Caines,et al.  An Invariance Principle in Large Population Stochastic Dynamic Games , 2007, J. Syst. Sci. Complex..

[27]  O. Kallenberg Foundations of Modern Probability , 2021, Probability Theory and Stochastic Modelling.

[28]  Martino Bardi,et al.  Nonlinear elliptic systems and mean-field games , 2016 .

[29]  Levon Nurbekyan,et al.  One-Dimensional Stationary Mean-Field Games with Local Coupling , 2016, Dyn. Games Appl..

[30]  R. Carmona,et al.  Control of McKean–Vlasov dynamics versus mean field games , 2012, 1210.5771.

[31]  N. Ikeda,et al.  A comparison theorem for solutions of stochastic differential equations and its applications , 1977 .

[32]  Olivier Guéant,et al.  Mean Field Games and Applications , 2011 .

[33]  Daniel Lacker,et al.  Mean field games via controlled martingale problems: Existence of Markovian equilibria , 2014, 1404.2642.

[34]  D. Gomes,et al.  Continuous Time Finite State Mean Field Games , 2012, 1203.3173.

[35]  Markus Fischer On the connection between symmetric $N$-player games and mean field games , 2014, 1405.1345.

[36]  Daniela Tonon,et al.  Time-Dependent Focusing Mean-Field Games: The Sub-critical Case , 2017, 1704.04014.

[37]  Minyi Huang,et al.  Large-Population Cost-Coupled LQG Problems With Nonuniform Agents: Individual-Mass Behavior and Decentralized $\varepsilon$-Nash Equilibria , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control.

[38]  P. Alam ‘A’ , 2021, Composites Engineering: An A–Z Guide.

[39]  P. Alam ‘L’ , 2021, Composites Engineering: An A–Z Guide.

[40]  Diogo A. Gomes,et al.  Regularity Theory for Mean-Field Game Systems , 2016 .

[41]  Z. Qian,et al.  Comparison theorem and estimates for transition probability densities of diffusion processes , 2003 .

[42]  Diogo A. Gomes,et al.  Mean Field Games Models—A Brief Survey , 2013, Dynamic Games and Applications.

[43]  P. Lions,et al.  The Master Equation and the Convergence Problem in Mean Field Games , 2015, 1509.02505.

[44]  A. Bensoussan,et al.  Existence and Uniqueness of Solutions for Bertrand and Cournot Mean Field Games , 2015, 1508.05408.

[45]  D. Lacker A general characterization of the mean field limit for stochastic differential games , 2014, 1408.2708.

[46]  Tamer Basar,et al.  Linear Quadratic Risk-Sensitive and Robust Mean Field Games , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control.

[47]  Fabio S. Priuli,et al.  Linear-Quadratic N-person and Mean-Field Games with Ergodic Cost , 2014, SIAM J. Control. Optim..

[48]  A Note on Nonconvex Mean Field Games , 2016, 1612.04725.

[49]  Martino Bardi,et al.  Uniqueness of solutions in Mean Field Games with several populations and Neumann conditions , 2018 .