Diagnostic and prognostic value of secreted phosphoprotein 1 for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background There is an increasing number of studies on the diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers associated with IPF. The purpose of this study was to explore the diagnostic and prognostic value of secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) in IPF. Methods Using five database, appropriate studies were included. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs related to prognosis were calculated. Results Thirteen studies were included in the meta-analyses. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR and DOR were 0.84 (95% CI 0.72–0.91), 0.89 (95% CI 0.83–0.94), 7.94 (95% CI 4.63–13.62), 0.18 (95% CI 0.10–0.33), 43.08 (95% CI 15.88–116.84) for SPP1 in the differential diagnosis of IPF and healthy people. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR and DOR were 0.97 (95% CI 0.57–1.00), 0.93 (95% CI 0.73–0.98), 13.87 (95% CI 3.26–58.99), 0.03 (95% CI 0–0.68), 446.91 (95% CI 21.02–9504.41) for SPP1 to differentiate IPF and lung cancer patients. High SPP1 expression predicts poor prognosis for IPF patients (HR= 1.42, 95% CI = 1.27 and 1.58, P < 0.001). Conclusions SPP1 is a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for IPF patients.

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