Study on Activated Bentonite Applied to tert-Butylation of Toluene

tert-Butylation of toluene with tert-butanol used as the alkylating agent was investigated over the activated ben- tonite and HY zeolite used as the catalyst. The influences of various butylation reaction parameters, including the toluene/ tert-butanol ratio, the reaction temperature, and the space velocity were discussed. The optimal results were obtained at a reaction temperature of 180 ℃ , a space velocity of 4 h -1 , and a mole ratio of toluene to tert-butanol equating to 2. The structure and acidic properties of catalyst were characterized by the BET method and the Fourier transform infrared (FT- IR) spectroscopy. Compared with the HY zeolite, the activated bentonite possessed high activity for toluene conversion and high para-selectivity because it had larger pore diameter, smaller micropore surface area and higher ratio of total Lewis ac- ids to total Bronsted acids.

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