Opposing effects of ultraviolet B irradiation on interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist and interleukin‐1α messenger RNA expression in a human epidermoid carcinoma cell line

Interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1RA) is a cytokine that acts to antagonize IL‐1 activity without agonist function. The expression of IL‐1RA has been reported in many cell types, including the keratinocyte that covers the outer most part of the skin. However the modulation of IL‐1RA by ultraviolet B (UVB), which is the most biologically active UV, has not been reported yet. We therefore selected a keratinocyte cell line with a cytokine‐producing profile similar to that of keratinocytes and tested the effect of UVB on its ability to produce IL‐1RA mRNA. IL‐1RA mRNA was constitutively expressed in the cell line and began to be suppressed by 3 h after the UVB irradiation with 100 mJ/cm2. The level of IL‐1RA expression became lowest by 16 h after the irradiation with 100 mJ/cm2. Simultaneously, IL‐1α mRNA started to increase by 1 h and peaked by 3–16 h after the irradiation with 10–100 mJ/cm2. The differential expression of IL‐1α and IL‐1RA mRNA following exposure to a high dose (100 mJ/cm2) of UVB may markedly potentiate the role of IL‐1 in UV‐induced inflammation.

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