Fast Algorithms for Blind Calibration in Time-Interleaved Analog-to-Digital Converters

We present a digital background technique for correcting the time and gain mismatches in a time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter (ADC) system. The proposed blind calibration is applicable to any number of time-interleaved ADCs and requires only modest oversampling. Simulation results show fast convergence and desirable detection accuracy. After the mismatch errors detection, the resulting signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the output signal is shown to be higher than the SNR of the input signal in a 16-ADC system.

[1]  Huawen Jin,et al.  A digital-background calibration technique for minimizing timing-error effects in time-interleaved ADCs , 2000 .

[2]  Jared Tanner,et al.  Implementations of Shannon's sampling theorem, a time-frequency approach , 2005 .

[3]  Raymond H. Chan,et al.  Conjugate Gradient Methods for Toeplitz Systems , 1996, SIAM Rev..

[4]  Georgios B. Giannakis,et al.  Ultra-wideband communications: an idea whose time has come , 2003, 2003 4th IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications - SPAWC 2003 (IEEE Cat. No.03EX689).

[5]  W. Black,et al.  Time interleaved converter arrays , 1980, 1980 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference. Digest of Technical Papers.

[6]  Håkan Johansson,et al.  Time-interleaved analog-to-digital converters: status and future directions , 2006, 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems.

[7]  Kaj Madsen,et al.  Methods for Non-Linear Least Squares Problems , 1999 .

[8]  B.M. Sadler,et al.  Digital receiver for TR-UWB systems with inter-pulse interference , 2005, IEEE 6th Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications, 2005..

[9]  Stephen H. Lewis,et al.  Calibration of sample-time error in a two-channel time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers.

[10]  Christian Vogel Comprehensive, error analysis of combined channel mismatch effects in time-interleaved ADCs , 2003, Proceedings of the 20th IEEE Instrumentation Technology Conference (Cat. No.03CH37412).

[11]  Fredrik Gustafsson,et al.  Blind adaptive equalization of mismatch errors in a time-interleaved A/D converter system , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers.

[12]  A. Zayed Advances in Shannon's Sampling Theory , 1993 .

[13]  Gene H. Golub,et al.  TOPICAL REVIEW: Separable nonlinear least squares: the variable projection method and its applicatio , 2003 .

[14]  Thomas Strohmer,et al.  Efficient Calibration of Time-Interleaved ADCs via Separable Nonlinear Least Squares , .

[15]  P. Hurst,et al.  A digital background calibration technique for time-interleaved analog-to-digital converters , 1998, IEEE J. Solid State Circuits.

[16]  Paul R. Gray,et al.  An 8-b 85-MS/s parallel pipeline A/D converter in 1- mu m CMOS , 1993 .