E-Collaboration, Public Relations and Crises Management in UAE Organizations

It is crucial for a company to preserve its image and reputation, and public relations PR and-ever-increasingly-e-collaboration play a vital role in accomplishing this goal. This study investigates strategies that help an organization rejuvenate its image after damage caused by various crises. It is important to know which PR strategies best engage stakeholders, because companies must maintain healthy relationships with all stake-holding entities in order to survive. A case study was conducted to explore what circumstances can compromise a company's image and what role a PR department would optimally play in rejuvenating it. To gain valuable insights into this topic, interviews were conducted with 28 PR professionals working in organizations that faced some crisis in the United Arab Emirates, with a particular focus on how e-collaboration can factor into the effective resolution of corporate crises within the PR department and the execution of its larger crisis resolution plan. Results suggest that PR plays a critical role during crisis management: through on-the-ground PR teams and e-collaboration, organizations can turn adverse situations to their favor and preserve reputations that would otherwise be tarnished or outright destroyed. PR should not delay designating culpability during a crisis, and should also oversee correction of the situation and help managers investigate the matter when necessary. In doing this quickly, efficiently, and competently, organizations can minimize the negative impact a crisis may have in the public eye, and because time is of the essence during crisis situations, e-collaboration plays a major role in optimizing positive outcomes in these situations.

[1]  Jean Hartley,et al.  Case study research , 2004 .

[2]  Irina Shklovski,et al.  Emergency Management, Twitter, and Social Media Evangelism , 2011, Int. J. Inf. Syst. Crisis Response Manag..

[3]  Barbara Kellerman,et al.  When should a leader apologize and when not? , 2006, Harvard business review.

[4]  M. Kirat Public relations practice in the Arab World: A critical assessment , 2005 .

[5]  S. Simmons,et al.  A case for Case Study , 1992 .

[6]  Robert M. Davison,et al.  E‐collaboration: A look at past research and future challenges , 2001 .

[7]  Robert K. Yin,et al.  Applications of case study research , 1993 .

[8]  I. Helsloot [Review of: K.M. Hearit (2006) Crisis management by apology: Corporate response to allegations of wrongdoing] , 2007 .

[9]  T. Traverse-Healy Foundation lecture: A declaration of interdependence , 1976 .

[10]  Jonathan R. Cohen Advising Clients to Apologize , 1999 .

[11]  B. Sha 2010 Practice Analysis: Professional competencies and work categories in public relations today , 2011 .

[12]  W. T. Coombs,et al.  Ongoing Crisis Communication: Planning, Managing, and Responding , 1999 .

[13]  W. T. Coombs,et al.  Protecting Organization Reputations During a Crisis: The Development and Application of Situational Crisis Communication Theory , 2007 .

[14]  R. F. Harlow Building a public relations definition , 1976 .

[15]  Michael J. Gallivan,et al.  A framework for analyzing levels of analysis issues in studies of e-collaboration , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication.

[16]  Ana Maria Ramalho Correia Handbook of Research on Communities of Practice for Organizational Management and Networking: Methodologies for Competitive Advantage , 2012 .

[17]  M. Kirat Public relations in the United Arab Emirates: The emergence of a profession , 2006 .

[18]  Alexander Serenko,et al.  Antecedents and Consequences of User Satisfaction with E-Mail Systems , 2006, Int. J. e Collab..

[19]  Michael L. Kent,et al.  Taxonomy of mediated crisis responses , 2007 .

[20]  N. Kock,et al.  Expanding the Boundaries of E-Collaboration , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication.

[21]  D. H. Dean Consumer Reaction to Negative Publicity , 2004 .

[22]  Steven Fink Crisis Management: Planning for the Inevitable , 1989 .

[23]  John R. Harrald,et al.  The Core Competencies Required of Executive Level Business Crisis and Continuity Managers -- The Results , 2006 .

[24]  W. Timothy Coombs,et al.  West Pharmaceutical's explosion: structuring crisis discourse knowledge , 2004 .

[25]  Linda Ashcroft Crisis management ‐ public relations , 1997 .

[26]  Bay Arinze,et al.  E-Research Collaboration in Academia and Industry , 2012, Int. J. e Collab..

[27]  Lisa Tyler,et al.  Liability Means Never being Able to Say You're Sorry , 1997 .

[28]  A. Carney,et al.  Prepare for Business-Related Crises , 1993 .

[29]  M. Salmador,et al.  CoPs & Organizational Identity: Five Case Studies of NTBFs , 2011 .

[30]  Otto Lerbinger The Crisis Manager: Facing Risk and Responsibility , 1997 .

[31]  Murray E. Jennex,et al.  Emergency Response Systems: The Utility Y2k Experience , 2004 .

[32]  Fraser P. Seitel The practice of public relations , 1980 .

[33]  Pedro Antunes,et al.  Government Funding of E-collaboration Research in the European Union: A Comparison with the United States Model , 2007, Int. J. e Collab..

[34]  Kjetil Kristensen,et al.  Collaborative Performance: Addressing the ROI of Collaboration , 2010, Int. J. e Collab..

[35]  Robert E. Stake,et al.  Multiple Case Study Analysis , 2005 .

[36]  C. Boyce,et al.  Conducting in-depth interviews: a guide for designing and conducting in-depth interviews for evaluation input. , 2006 .

[37]  Ned Kock,et al.  E-Collaboration and E-Commerce In Virtual Worlds: The Potential of Second Life and World of Warcraft , 2008, Int. J. e Collab..

[38]  Ned Kock,et al.  Car Racing and Instant Messaging: Task Constraints as Determinants of E-Collaboration Technology Usefulness , 2006 .

[39]  J. Downing American Airlines’ use of mediated employee channels after the 9/11 attacks , 2004 .

[40]  Ned Kock,et al.  The Psychobiological Model: Towards a New Theory of Computer-Mediated Communication Based on Darwinian Evolution , 2004, Organ. Sci..

[41]  J. Roberto Evaristo,et al.  e-Collaboration in Distributed Requirements Determination , 2005, Int. J. e Collab..

[42]  Ned Kock,et al.  Improving Business Processes Electronically: An Action Research Study in New Zealand and the US , 2007 .

[43]  D. Lattimore Public Relations: The Profession and the Practice , 1982 .