Wie läuft die Entstehung und Progression eines Optikusschadens bei einem primären Offenwinkelglaukom ab und welche Bedeutung haben diese Erkenntnisse für die Glaukomdiagnostik?

Zusammenfassung Aufgrund der meist langwierigen Prozesse bei der Entwicklung einer glaukomatösen Optikusneuropathie kommt es bei den retinalen Ganglienzellen nicht spontan zu einem Zelluntergang, sondern zu einem schleichenden Zelltod. Daraus begründet sich die Vorstellung, dass funktionelle Tests besser geeignet sind für die Frühdiagnostik eines primären Offenwinkelglaukoms als bildgebende Verfahren, die erst dann Veränderungen aufzeigen können, wenn die retinalen Ganglienzellen und mit ihnen die retinalen Nervenfasern am Ende der biologischen Kaskade zugrunde gegangen sind. Durch neue perimetrische Verfahren wird die Frühdiagnostik beim Glaukom verbessert.

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