Maximum PV Penetration Under Voltage Constraints Considering Optimal Sizing of BESS on Brazilian Secondary Distribution Network

The Distributed Generation (DG) has substantially increased around the world and it is expected to play an important role in the future of power systems. Most of DG systems are composed by renewable energy sources, such as Photovoltaic (PV), which has an intermittent behavior, resulting in negative impacts on the distribution network, such as voltage fluctuation. In order to mitigate the voltage rise problem, this paper presents an optimal sizing of a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) with an efficient charge and discharge strategy, as a way to increase PV penetration, without exceed voltage limits. MATLAB / Simulink is used to simulate a typical Brazilian residential secondary distribution system using actual photovoltaic data and residential load profile from Southeastern Brazil. The results show that the photovoltaic system penetration could reach 40% for a transformer operating at nominal load, without BESS. However, if a BESS is used, the PV penetration could be increased up to 80%. Moreover, it is showed that the BESS can provide an efficient peak shaving in the original load curve.