Electrical machines rated at about 1 HP or 1kW and above are classified into two broad categories: (i) motors, and (ii) generators. The stator winding and rotor windings consist of several components, each with its own function. Different types of machines have different components. Stator and rotor windings are discussed separately in this chapter. The stator winding insulation system contains several different components and features, which together ensure that electrical shorts do not occur, that the heat from the conductor I2R losses is transmitted to a heat sink, and that the conductors do not vibrate in spite of the magnetic forces. Electrical insulation is present on the salient pole and round rotor types of synchronous motors and generators, as well as wound rotor induction motors and generators. The rotor windings in synchronous motors and generators are subject to relatively low DC voltage, unlike the high AC voltage on the stator.
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