MODELING OF LEAKAGE THROUGH CRACKED CLAY LINERS ‐I: STATE OF THE ART1

: The existence and importance of macro-pores to the containment efficiency of cover clay liners at waste landfills is documented. Macro-pores exist as voids, or cracks, and act to increase the volume and rate of leakage through cover liners. Existing numerical models used to simulate flow through clay liners are shown to neglect the macro-pore aspect of the problem. Current theories of macro-pore flow developed from related areas of research are presented, and applications to the landfill liner problem are considered.

[1]  B. Sagar,et al.  Permeability of fractured rock: effect of fracture size and data uncertainties , 1982 .

[2]  J. Bouma,et al.  A case study on infiltration into dry clay soil II. physical measurements , 1978 .

[3]  Carol J. Miller.  Field Investigation of Clay Liner Performance , 1988 .

[4]  E. Schlichting,et al.  Water Recharge in a Soil with Shrinkage Cracks1 , 1973 .

[5]  David E. Daniel,et al.  Predicting Hydraulic Conductivity of Clay Liners , 1984 .

[6]  J. V. Tracy,et al.  Flow through fractures , 1981 .

[7]  R. R. van der Ploeg,et al.  A Numerical Study of the Effects of Noncapillary-Sized Pores Upon Infiltration 1 , 1979 .

[8]  R. E. Phillips,et al.  Percolation of Surface-applied Water in the Field1 , 1976 .

[9]  J. Ritchie,et al.  Water Movement in Undisturbed Swelling Clay Soil , 1972 .

[10]  R. Horton,et al.  Remarks on hydrologic terminology , 1942 .

[11]  R. R. van der Ploeg,et al.  Unsteady, Unsaturated, n-Dimensional Moisture Flow in Soil: A Computer Simulation Program 1 , 1974 .

[12]  J. L. Huitt.  Fluid flow in simulated fractures , 1956 .

[13]  D. Fenn,et al.  Use of the water-balance method for predicting leachate generation from solid-waste-disposal sites , 1975 .

[14]  Johan Bouma,et al.  A CASE STUDY ON INFILTRATION INTO DRY CLAY SOIL I. MORPHOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS , 1978 .

[15]  Paul A. Witherspoon,et al.  Steady state flow in rigid networks of fractures , 1974 .

[16]  K. Beven,et al.  Macropores and water flow in soils , 1982 .

[17]  A Green‐Ampt Model of infiltration in a cracked soil , 1984 .

[18]  J. Bouma,et al.  A simulation model for infiltration into cracked dry soil , 1980 .

[19]  Paul A. Witherspoon,et al.  A Model for Steady Fluid Flow in Random Three‐Dimensional Networks of Disc‐Shaped Fractures , 1985 .

[20]  Keith Beven,et al.  On the Variation of Infiltration Into a Homogeneous Soil Matrix Containing a Population of Macropores , 1986 .

[21]  Stephen S. Boynton,et al.  Hydraulic conductivity tests on compacted clay , 1985 .