Public-Sector Decision Structures: A fnEmpirically-Based Description

See L. J. Cronbach, "Coefficient Alpha and the Internal Structure of Tests," Psychometrika, 195 1, Vol. 19, 297-334. 16. Analysis of Variance yields two separate tests. The Eta coefficient assesses the magnitude of the reliability between the independent and dependent variables, while F ratios demonstrate the significance of the relationship. With large samples statistical significance is not a useful criterion. Our analysis, therefore, relies on the Eta coefficient (see Hubert M. Blalock, Social Statistics, New York: McGraw Hill Book Co., 1960, 266-267). 17. Gallup Opinion Index (September, 1977), report no. 146. 18. This perception has been encouraged by the press. For example, the New York Times reported that at almost every stop during the campaign Carter assailed the federal bureaucracy as "bloated," "lazy" and "ineffective." New York Times, May 17, 1978, A-21. 19. Downs, op cit., 100. 20. Ibid., 97. 21. Anthony Jay, Management and Machiavelli, New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1967, 145-146.