The self-serving bias in relational context.

This article examined the impact of relationship closeness on the self-serving bias (SSB). Members of relationally distant dyads working on interdependen t-outcomes tasks manifested the SSB: They took credit for dyadic success but blamed the partner for dyadic failure. However, members of relationally close dyads did not manifest the SSB: They did not take more credit than their partner for dyadic success and did not blame the partner more than the self for dyadic failure. This gracious attributional pattern of relationally close dyad members is due, at least in part, to formation of a favorable impression of the partner. Relationship closeness acts as a bound to an individual's selfenhancing tendencies. If more than one person is responsible for a miscalculation, none will be at fault—Murphy's Law

[1]  S. Beach,et al.  Self-Esteem and the Extended Self-Evaluation Maintenance Model , 1995 .

[2]  D. A. Kenny,et al.  Do people know how others view them? An empirical and theoretical account. , 1993, Psychological bulletin.

[3]  W. K. Campbell,et al.  Self-Threat Magnifies the Self-Serving Bias: A Meta-Analytic Integration , 1999 .

[4]  M. Kernis Efficacy, Agency, and Self-Esteem , 1995 .

[5]  M. Manis,et al.  Transmission of attitude relevant information through a communication chain. , 1974 .

[6]  Dale T. Miller,et al.  Self-serving biases in the attribution of causality: Fact or fiction? , 1975 .

[7]  M. Clark,et al.  Interpersonal attraction in exchange and communal relationships. , 1979 .

[8]  E. Goffman The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life , 1959 .

[9]  R. Baumeister Self-esteem : the puzzle of low self-regard , 1993 .

[10]  W. Stephan,et al.  Sex differences in attributions for sex‐typed tasks1 , 1978 .

[11]  J. Suls,et al.  Social comparison: Contemporary theory and research. , 1991 .

[12]  F. Fincham,et al.  Perceived Responsibility for Marital Events: Egocentric or Partner-centric Bias?. , 1989 .

[13]  E. Higgins,et al.  Social psychology: Handbook of basic principles. , 1996 .

[14]  Harold H. Kelley,et al.  Judgments of responsibility for activities in close relationships. , 1981 .

[15]  H. H. Blumbero Communication of interpersonal evaluations , 1973 .

[16]  A. Aron,et al.  The Experimental Generation of Interpersonal Closeness: A Procedure and Some Preliminary Findings , 1997 .

[17]  M. Strube,et al.  Self-Evaluation: To Thine Own Self Be Good, To Thine Own Self Be Sure, To Thine Own Self Be True, an , 1997 .

[18]  Susan Harter,et al.  Causes and Consequences of Low Self-Esteem in Children and Adolescents , 1993 .

[19]  Jonathon D. Brown,et al.  Evaluations of Self and Others: Self-Enhancement Biases in Social Judgments , 1986 .

[20]  J. G. Holmes,et al.  Trust in close relationships. , 1985 .

[21]  B. Long Heterosexual involvement of unmarried under-graduate females in relation to self-evaluations , 1988, Journal of youth and adolescence.

[22]  A. Greenwald,et al.  Psychological perspectives on the self , 1982 .

[23]  M. Ross,et al.  Egocentric Biases in Availability and Attribution , 1979 .

[24]  Edward E. Jones,et al.  Interpersonal attraction. 2nd ed. , 1978 .

[25]  Steven J. Sherman,et al.  Effects of cooperation and competition on responsibility attribution after success and failure , 1973 .

[26]  F. Heider The psychology of interpersonal relations , 1958 .

[27]  S. Duck,et al.  Handbook of personal relationships: Theory, research and interventions. , 1998 .

[28]  B. Major,et al.  Responses to upward and downward social comparisons: The impact of esteem-relevance and perceived control , 1991 .

[29]  William A. Johnston,et al.  Individual performance and self-evaluation in a simulated team , 1967 .

[30]  A. Aron,et al.  Self-expansion motivation and including other in the self. , 1997 .

[31]  T. Wills,et al.  Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis. , 1985, Psychological bulletin.

[32]  Sidney Rosen,et al.  The Reluctance to Transmit Bad News , 1975 .

[33]  D. Byrne The Attraction Paradigm , 1971 .

[34]  D. A. Kenny,et al.  The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. , 1986, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[35]  G. W. Bradley Self-serving biases in the attribution process: A reexamination of the fact or fiction question. , 1978 .

[36]  J. Simpson,et al.  Conflict in close relationships: an attachment perspective. , 1996, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[37]  M. Zuckerman,et al.  Attribution of success and failure revisited, or: The motivational bias is alive and well in attribution theory , 1979 .

[38]  L. Wheeler,et al.  Review of personality and social psychology , 1980 .

[39]  J. L. Myers,et al.  Group dynamics and individual performances: Pseudogroup and quasi-F analyses. , 1981 .

[40]  Sheldon Cohen,et al.  Positive Events and Social Supports as Buffers of Life Change Stress , 1983 .

[41]  Emil J. Posavac,et al.  Judgments of responsibility for an accident1 , 1975 .