Wave Optics: Basic Concepts and Contemporary Trends

Oscillations Sinusoidal oscillations Superposition of periodic motions Free oscillations Forced oscillations and resonance Coupled oscillations and normal modes Scalar and vector waves Plane waves Maxwell's equations and vector waves Wave propagation in dispersive media Phase and group velocities: Sub- and superluminal light Energy and momentum of electromagnetic waves Reflection and refraction Huygens-Fresnel principle Laws of reflection and refraction Fermat's principle and laws of reflection and refraction Fresnel formulas Consequences of Fresnel equations Elements of polarization, anisotropy and birefringence Basic types of polarization: Linear and elliptically polarized waves Stokes parameters and Jones vectors Anisotropy and birefringence Artificial birefringence Optical activity and rotation of plane of polarization Optical properties of dielectric, metal and engineered materials Linear response theory and dielectric response Kramers-Kronig relations Dispersion in metals: Drude model Planar composites and motivation for metal-dielectric structures Metal-dielectric composites Metamaterials and negative index materials More on polarized light State of polarization of light waves Interaction of polarized light with material media Experimental polarimetry and representative applications Interference and diffraction A general approach to interference Interferometers based on wavefront splitting Interferometers based on amplitude splitting Multiple beam interference Diffraction Scalar diffraction theory Rayleigh criterion Rays and beams Eikonal equation and rays Ray propagation through linear optical elements Beam characteristics Optical waves in stratified media Characteristics matrix approach Amplitude reflection, transmission coefficients and dispersion relation Periodic media with discrete and continuous variation of refractive index Quasi-periodic media and self-similarity Analogy between quantum and optical systems Optical reflectionless potentials and perfect transmission Critical coupling and coherent perfect absorption Nonreciprocity in reflection from stratified media Pulse transmission and reflection from a symmetric and asymmetric Fabry-Perot cavities Surface and guided modes Case study: A symmetric (2N + 1)-layer structure Excitation schemes for overcoming momentum mismatch Resonant tunnelling through gap plasmon guide and slow light Nonreciprocity in reflection from coupled microcavities with quantum wells Resonances of small particles Elements of Mie theory and the whispering gallery modes Typical example for a water droplet Broken spatial symmetry and its consequences Nanoparticles and quasi-static approximation Spin-orbit interaction of light Spin and orbital angular momentum of light Spin-orbit interaction (SOI) of light Geometric phase of light Spin-orbit interaction of light in inhomogeneous anisotropic medium Spin-orbit interaction of light in scattering Spin-orbit interaction of light in tight focusing of Gaussian beam Optical tweezers Basic theory Force and torque on a dipole Exerting controlled forces on particles using light: Optical trapping Dynamics of trapped particles Brownian motion in a harmonic potential: The optical trap Trap calibration and measurements Some uses of optical tweezers Pendry lensing and extraordinary transmission of light Near field vs. far field and resolution Angular spectrum decomposition and evanescent waves Negative index materials and Pendry lensing Imaging through an absorption compensated slab of metamaterial Extraordinary transmission Elements of complex numbers Complex number algebra Harmonic motion and complex representation Demonstration of the usefulness of complex representation Vector spherical harmonics MATLAB case studies Stratified media Reflectionless potentials Nonreciprocity