Human immunodeficiency virus-1 recombinant gp120 induces changes in protein kinase C isozymes--a preliminary report.

Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) and its purified proteins activate target cell functions. Because protein kinase C (PKC) plays a crucial role in signal transduction and there is a molecular heterogeneity of PKC, we compared the effect of recombinant HIV-1 gp120 and phorbol ester (PMA) on PKC isozymes in monocytic U937 cells, with isozyme-specific antibodies using flow cytometry. All PKC isozymes except PKC-gamma were present in U937 cells. Both PMA and HIV-1 gp120 increased levels of calcium-dependent and -independent PKC isozymes. The most striking change was observed in PKC-zeta isozymes levels. This study for the first time demonstrates that HIV-1 gp120 affects calcium-independent PKC isozymes in U937 cells.

[1]  R. Kriz,et al.  Cloning and expression of multiple protein kinase C cDNAs , 1986, Cell.

[2]  J. Ramsdell,et al.  Three activators of protein kinase C, bryostatins, dioleins, and phorbol esters, show differing specificities of action on GH4 pituitary cells. , 1986, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[3]  G. Koretzky,et al.  Heterogeneity of protein kinase C isoenzyme gene expression in human T cell lines. Protein kinase C-beta is not required for several T cell functions. , 1989, Journal of immunology.

[4]  P. Parker,et al.  Effect of phorbol esters on protein kinase C-zeta. , 1992, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[5]  Y. Nishizuka,et al.  The heterogeneity of protein kinase C in various rat tissues. , 1988, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

[6]  Y. Nishizuka,et al.  Protein kinase C zeta subspecies from rat brain: its structure, expression, and properties. , 1989, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[7]  K. Steimer,et al.  Nucleotide sequence and expression of an AIDS-associated retrovirus (ARV-2). , 1985, Science.

[8]  W. Farrar,et al.  The HIV-1 gp120 envelope protein has the intrinsic capacity to stimulate monokine secretion. , 1991, Journal of immunology.

[9]  C. Turck,et al.  Regulation of protein kinase C isoform proteins in phorbol ester-stimulated Jurkat T lymphoma cells. , 1993, Journal of immunology.

[10]  A. Harel-Bellan,et al.  Human immunodeficiency virus glycoprotein (gp120) induction of monocyte arachidonic acid metabolites and interleukin 1. , 1989, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[11]  Y. Nishizuka,et al.  The structure, expression, and properties of additional members of the protein kinase C family. , 1988, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[12]  B. Fredholm,et al.  Translocation of the α‐ and β‐isoforms of protein kinase C following activation of human T‐lymphocytes , 1991 .

[13]  J. Merrill,et al.  Interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha can be induced from mononuclear phagocytes by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 binding to the CD4 receptor , 1989, Journal of virology.

[14]  J. Merrill,et al.  Induction of interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in brain cultures by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 , 1992, Journal of virology.

[15]  D. Weiner,et al.  Studies of the mechanisms of action of the antiretroviral agents hypericin and pseudohypericin. , 1989, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[16]  Y. Nishizuka,et al.  The molecular heterogeneity of protein kinase C and its implications for cellular regulation , 1988, Nature.

[17]  J. Justement,et al.  Characterization of a promonocyte clone chronically infected with HIV and inducible by 13-phorbol-12-myristate acetate. , 1988, Journal of immunology.

[18]  M. Morin,et al.  Dissociation of protein kinase C activation from phorbol ester-induced maturation of HL-60 leukemia cells. , 1985, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[19]  I. T. Young.  Proof without prejudice: use of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for the analysis of histograms from flow systems and other sources. , 1977, The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society.

[20]  W. Kolch,et al.  Mouse protein kinase C-delta, the major isoform expressed in mouse hemopoietic cells: sequence of the cDNA, expression patterns, and characterization of the protein. , 1991, Biochemistry.

[21]  D. Meruelo,et al.  Therapeutic agents with dramatic antiretroviral activity and little toxicity at effective doses: aromatic polycyclic diones hypericin and pseudohypericin. , 1988, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[22]  A. Fauci,et al.  Direct polyclonal activation of human B lymphocytes by the acquired immune deficiency syndrome virus. , 1986, Science.

[23]  T. Kuroki,et al.  Structure and properties of a ubiquitously expressed protein kinase C, nPKCδ , 1991 .

[24]  I. Takahashi,et al.  Hypericin and pseudohypericin specifically inhibit protein kinase C: possible relation to their antiretroviral activity. , 1989, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

[25]  S. Pyle,et al.  Lymphocyte activation by HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein , 1988, Nature.

[26]  B. Strulovici,et al.  Transmembrane signaling by interferon alpha involves diacylglycerol production and activation of the epsilon isoform of protein kinase C in Daudi cells. , 1991, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[27]  A. Pinching,et al.  Defective signal transduction--a common pathway for cellular dysfunction in HIV infection? , 1990, Immunology today.

[28]  T. Hirano,et al.  Induction of IL-6 (B cell stimulatory factor-2/IFN-beta 2) production by HIV. , 1989, Journal of immunology.

[29]  D. Kelleher,et al.  Development and characterization of a protein kinase C β‐isozyme‐deficient T‐cell line , 1992, FEBS letters.

[30]  D. Fabbro,et al.  Different translocation of three distinct PKC isoforms with tumor-promoting phorbol ester in human platelets. , 1991, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

[31]  Y. Nishizuka.  Studies and perspectives of protein kinase C. , 1986, Science.