Serum vitamin D metabolites and intestinal calcium absorption efficiency in women.

BACKGROUND Vitamin D sufficiency may be determined by the serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] that results in maximal intestinal calcium absorption efficiency. However, some investigators questioned whether 25(OH)D concentrations above the concentrations associated with rickets or osteomalacia influence calcium absorption. OBJECTIVE We determined whether calcium absorption efficiency is related to serum 25(OH)D or serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)(2)D] concentrations. DESIGN We measured calcium absorption efficiency in 492 black and white healthy women (age range: 20-80 y) by the single-isotope method with (45)Ca. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured by a radioreceptor assay. Other relevant measurements included concentrations of serum 1,25(OH)(2)D, serum parathyroid hormone, serum creatinine, and serum estradiol, calcium intake, and bone mineral density. RESULTS There was no relation between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and calcium absorption efficiency. In development of a multivariate model, the 4 major determinants of calcium absorption efficiency were menopausal status, calcium intake, and serum estradiol and serum 1,25(OH)(2)D concentrations. There was an interaction between serum 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)(2)D concentrations on calcium absorption efficiency. The relation between calcium absorption and 1,25(OH)(2)D was positive, and this relation was stronger for lower concentrations of 25(OH)D than for higher concentrations of 25(OH)D. CONCLUSION The relation of serum 25(OH)D to calcium absorption is not useful as an indicator of vitamin D sufficiency.

[1]  S. Abrams.  Setting Dietary Reference Intakes with the use of bioavailability data: calcium. , 2010, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[2]  A. Carriquiry,et al.  Three-phase model harmonizes estimates of the maximal suppression of parathyroid hormone by 25-hydroxyvitamin D in persons 65 years of age and older. , 2010, The Journal of nutrition.

[3]  M. Horowitz,et al.  Vitamin D Metabolites and Calcium Absorption in Severe Vitamin D Deficiency , 2008, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[4]  G. McCabe,et al.  Vitamin D status and calcium metabolism in adolescent black and white girls on a range of controlled calcium intakes. , 2008, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[5]  M. Lindstrom,et al.  Vitamin D Insufficiency: Disease or No Disease? , 2008, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[6]  B. Nordin,et al.  Misconceptions - vitamin D insufficiency causes malabsorption of calcium. , 2008, Bone.

[7]  K. Zhu,et al.  Effects of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on hip bone mineral density and calcium-related analytes in elderly ambulatory Australian women: a five-year randomized controlled trial. , 2008, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[8]  R. Heaney.  Vitamin D Endocrine Physiology , 2007, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[9]  J. Aloia,et al.  Optimal vitamin D status and serum parathyroid hormone concentrations in African American women. , 2006, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[10]  P. Lips.  Vitamin D physiology. , 2006, Progress in biophysics and molecular biology.

[11]  W. Willett,et al.  Estimation of optimal serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D for multiple health outcomes. , 2006, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[12]  S. Abrams,et al.  Relationships among vitamin D levels, parathyroid hormone, and calcium absorption in young adolescents. , 2005, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[13]  R. Heaney.  The Vitamin D requirement in health and disease , 2005, The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.

[14]  R. Heaney,et al.  Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone exhibit threshold behavior , 2005, Journal of endocrinological investigation.

[15]  G. Fuleihan,et al.  There is no lower threshold level for parathyroid hormone as 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations increase , 2005, Journal of endocrinological investigation.

[16]  P. Clifton,et al.  A longitudinal study of bone‐related biochemical changes at the menopause , 2004, Clinical endocrinology.

[17]  J. Aloia,et al.  Risk for osteoporosis in black women , 1996, Calcified Tissue International.

[18]  Nicole A. Lazar,et al.  Statistical Analysis With Missing Data , 2003, Technometrics.

[19]  Cecilia A. Hale,et al.  Calcium Absorption Varies within the Reference Range for Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D , 2003, Journal of the American College of Nutrition.

[20]  R. Lew,et al.  Effects of Vitamin D and Calcium Supplementation on Falls: A Randomized Controlled Trial , 2003, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[21]  R. Heaney,et al.  Effects of above average summer sun exposure on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and calcium absorption. , 2002, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[22]  J. Gallagher,et al.  Effect of discontinuation of estrogen, calcitriol, and the combination of both on bone density and bone markers. , 2002, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[23]  Roderick J. A. Little,et al.  Statistical Analysis with Missing Data: Little/Statistical Analysis with Missing Data , 2002 .

[24]  Cecilia A. Hale,et al.  Absorbability and Cost Effectiveness in Calcium Supplementation , 2001, Journal of the American College of Nutrition.

[25]  S. Shany,et al.  Estrogen increases 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D receptors expression and bioresponse in the rat duodenal mucosa. , 1999, Endocrinology.

[26]  H. Morris,et al.  Oestrogen deficiency impairs intestinal calcium absorption in the rat , 1998, The Journal of physiology.

[27]  P. Clifton,et al.  Modification and validation of a single-isotope radiocalcium absorption test. , 1998, Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine.

[28]  J F Sallis,et al.  Compendium of physical activities: classification of energy costs of human physical activities. , 1993, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.

[29]  B. Hollis.  Assay of circulating 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D involving a novel single-cartridge extraction and purification procedure. , 1986, Clinical chemistry.

[30]  R. Recker,et al.  Estimation of true calcium absorption. , 1985, Annals of internal medicine.

[31]  A. Norman,et al.  Vitamin D in Health and Disease , 1982 .

[32]  Jacob Cohen,et al.  Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences , 1979 .

[33]  D. Heinegård,et al.  Determination of serum creatinine by a direct colorimetric method. , 1973, Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry.

[34]  S. Telfer.  Studies in Calcium and Phosphorus MetabolismPart IV. The Influence of Free Fatty Acids in the Intestine on the Absorption and Excretion of the Mineral Elements , 1926 .

[35]  S. Telfer.  Studies in Calcium and Phosphorus MetabolismPart V. Infantile Rickets. The Excretion and Absorption of the Mineral Elements and the Influence of Fats in the Diet on Mineral Absorption , 1926 .