Exploring Human Resource Management Practices in Nonprofit Sport Organisations

Contemporary business challenges and globalisation pressures have had a significant impact on the human resource management (HRM) practices of many organisations. Whilst the adoption of more sophisticated, complex and strategic management systems is well documented in the general HR literature, organisations that operate with both paid and volunteer human resources have been virtually ignored by scholars. In this paper we report on a study on the adoption of HRM practices by state sport organisations in New.South Wales, Australia. Our results indicate that despite pressures to become more strategic in their people management, only a minority of these sport organisations have formal HRM systems. We also found differences between the HRM practices used with paid employees and volunteers particularly in organisations with formal HR policies. Research and practical implications for HRM in sport organisations are discussed as well as future challenges

[1]  D. Bartram,et al.  Assessment in Organisations , 2004 .

[2]  Gil Preuss,et al.  Manufacturing Advantage: Why High-Performance Work Systems Pay Off , 2001 .

[3]  J. Metzer The psychology of volunteering: external or internal rewards? , 1996 .

[4]  R. Hoye,et al.  Board power and performance within voluntary sport organisations , 2003 .

[5]  Strategic human resources management in Australia: the human cost , 1999 .

[6]  Jeffrey Pfeffer,et al.  The human equation : building profits by putting people first , 1998 .

[7]  Alison E. Barber,et al.  A TALE OF TWO JOB MARKETS: ORGANIZATIONAL SIZE AND ITS EFFECTS ON HIRING PRACTICES AND JOB SEARCH BEHAVIOR , 1999 .

[8]  John Purcell,et al.  Best practice and best fit: chimera or cul‐de‐sac? , 1999 .

[9]  T. Slack,et al.  Professionalism, Structures and Systems: The Impact of Professional Staff on Voluntary Sport Organizations , 1991 .

[10]  S. Inglis Roles of the Board in Amateur Sport Organizations , 1997 .

[11]  Mark A. Huselid The Impact of Human Resource Management Practices on Turnover, Productivity, and Corporate Financial Performance , 1995 .

[12]  J. Goodstein Institutional Pressures and Strategic Responsiveness: Employer Involvement in Work-Family Issues , 1994 .

[13]  P. Chisnall Mail and Internet Surveys: The Tailored Design Method , 2007, Journal of Advertising Research.

[14]  M. Galang The transferability question: comparing HRM practices in the Philippines with the US and Canada1 , 2004 .

[15]  S. Marlow,et al.  Minding the gap between employers and employees: The challenge for owner‐managers of smaller manufacturing firms , 2002 .

[16]  Rita Gunther McGrath,et al.  IMPROVING LABOR PRODUCTIVITY: HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT POLICIES DO MATTER , 1996 .

[17]  Lynn E. Miller,et al.  Determinants of Turnover Among Volunteers , 1990 .

[18]  C. R. Hinings,et al.  Toward an understanding of the role of agency and choice in the changing structure of Canada's national sport organizations. , 1995 .

[19]  John Storey,et al.  Human Resource Management: A Critical Text , 1994 .

[20]  Scott E. Bryant,et al.  A Study of the Formality of Human Resource Management Practices in Small and Medium-Size Enterprises in Vietnam , 2004 .

[21]  T. Slack,et al.  Institutional Pressures and Isomorphic Change: An Empirical Test , 1994 .

[22]  A. Doherty,et al.  Managing Our Human Resources: A Review of Organisational Behaviour in Sport , 1998 .

[23]  Nicolas Bacon The Realities of Human Resource Management? , 1999 .

[24]  Richard Coleman Characteristics of volunteering in UK sport: lessons from cricket , 2002 .

[25]  Yu-Ru Hsu,et al.  A study of HRM and recruitment and selection policies and practices in Taiwan , 2000 .

[26]  L. Uhlaner,et al.  Organization Context and Human Resource Management in the Small Firm , 2001 .

[27]  C. Gratton,et al.  Local Authority support to volunteers in sports clubs , 1998 .

[28]  T. Slack,et al.  Does Decision Making Make a Difference? Patterns of Change Within Canadian National Sport Organizations , 1995 .

[29]  Brian E. Becker,et al.  HIGH PERFORMANCE WORK SYSTEMS AND FIRM PERFORMANCE : A SYNTHESIS OF RESEARCH AND MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS , 1998 .

[30]  A. Doherty,et al.  What Do We Expect? An Examination of Perceived Committee Norms in Non-profit Sport Organisations , 2004 .

[31]  Gary D. Geroy,et al.  Changing the mindset: the training myth and the need for world-class performance , 2001 .

[32]  D. Guest HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS[1] , 1987 .

[33]  G. Cuskelly,et al.  A Longitudinal Study of the Development of Organizational Commitment amongst Volunteer Sport Administrators , 1998 .

[34]  Catherine Truss,et al.  Complexities and Controversies in Linking HRM with Organizational Outcomes , 2001 .

[35]  P. Mcgraw The HR Function in Local and Overseas Firms: Evidence from the Pricewaterhousecoopers-Cranfield HR Project (1999) , 2002 .

[36]  Gerald R. Ferris,et al.  Strategic human resource management and firm effectiveness in industries experiencing decline , 1986 .

[37]  David Grant,et al.  Barriers to effective HRM , 1999 .

[38]  Lynda Gratton,et al.  The three-dimensional people strategy: Putting human resources policies into action , 2003 .

[39]  L. Kikulis Continuity and change in governance and decision making in national sport organizations: institutional explanations. , 2000 .

[40]  T. Slack,et al.  Understanding Change in National Sport Organizations: An Integration of Theoretical Perspectives , 1992 .

[41]  Tal Simons,et al.  Institutional and Resource Dependence Determinants of Responsiveness to Work-Family Issues , 1995 .

[42]  J. Barney Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage , 1991 .

[43]  A. Leung Different ties for different needs: Recruitment practices of entrepreneurial firms at different developmental phases , 2003 .

[44]  Peter McGraw,et al.  Succession management practices in Australian organizations , 2004 .

[45]  Graham Cuskelly,et al.  Volunteer retention in community sport organisations , 2004 .

[46]  C. R. Hinings,et al.  SECTOR-SPECIFIC PATTERNS OF ORGANIZATIONAL DESIGN CHANGE* , 1995 .

[47]  Peter Boxall,et al.  Strategic human resource management: where have we come from and where should we be going? , 2000 .

[48]  P. Chelladurai Human resource management in sport and recreation , 1999 .

[49]  Albert V. Carron,et al.  Cohesion in Volunteer Sport Executive Committees , 2003 .

[50]  John Storey,et al.  The Realities Of Human Resource Management: Managing The Employment Relationship , 2000 .

[51]  Charles Koeber,et al.  Manufacturing Advantage: Why High-Performance Work Systems Pay off , 1999 .

[52]  Brian E. Becker,et al.  COMMENT ON “MEASUREMENT ERROR IN RESEARCH ON HUMAN RESOURCES AND FIRM PERFORMANCE: HOW MUCH ERROR IS THERE AND HOW DOES IT INFLUENCE EFFECTSIZE ESTIMATES?” by GERHART, WRIGHT, MC MAHAN, AND SNELL , 2000 .

[53]  P. Downward,et al.  Why volunteer, time to volunteer? A case study from swimming , 2005 .

[54]  Chin Huat Ong,et al.  Strategic Human Resource Management and Organizational Performance in Singapore , 2002 .

[55]  S. Chadwick,et al.  The Business of Sport Management , 2004 .