PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDIES OF THE DENTAL GEL OF COMBINED COMPOSITION

Introduction. In recent decades, there has been a worldwide trend of steady growth of various dental pathologies, among which the leading place is occupied by diseases of the periodontium and oral mucosa, as well as lesions of similar etiologies that occur when using prostheses of different designs [1, 2]. According to the results of numerous epidemiological studies by both domestic and foreign authors, the largest and most common group of periodontal diseases is inflammatory ones – gingivitis, periodontitis and parodontosis, which account for 94–96 % of all periodontal diseases [3–7]. Thus, according to medical statistics, only 12 % of the population has a healthy periodontium, 53 % have initial inflammatory phenomena, 23 % have initial destructive changes, and 12 % have moderate and severe lesions. In persons older than 35 years, the proportion of initial periodontal changes progressively decreases by 26–15 % with a simultaneous increase in moderate and severe changes to 75 %, which are dominated by inflammatory-destructive changes of the periodontal complex with bleeding gums, pus, formation of periodontal pockets, loosening of teeth and their subsequent loss [8–10]. The most often used to treat periodontal pathologies are topical drugs. The most effective topical dosage form (DF), which allows implementing multifactorial and prolonged action on periodontal tissues and mucous membranes, is the gel form of a drug. The advantage of this DF is to provide a local therapeutic effect due to targeted, local application and retention of the drug on the surface of the mucous membrane, fixation due to bioadhesive properties, minimizing saliva leaching and prolonged contact of an API with tissues, creating a relatively high concentration of active pharmaceutical ingredients and their rapid penetration through the mucous membranes into the capillaries, which significantly increases the bioavailability of active substances [11–13]. The main requirement put forward to dental drugs for the treatment of the above diseases, is multimodal action – the presence of antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, analgesic and regenerating effects [9, 14–17]. To this end, to the new pharmaceutical composition in the form of a gel it was decided to include a combination of APIs of natural and synthetic origin, namely: “Phytodent” tincture (PJSC “CPP Chervona zirka”, Ukraine), choline salicylate 80 % (Basf Pharma, Switzerland) and lidocaine hydrochloride (Societa Italia na Medicinali Scandicci, Italy), which provide the necessary complex effect on the tissues of the oral cavity affected in periodontal disease, as well as in paОригі альні дослідження