Chemical compositions of essential oils, antimicrobial effect and antioxidant activity studies of Hyoscyamus niger L. from Turkey

In this study, essential oil components of the Hyoscyamus niger L. plant and their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties were determined. The essential oils were obtained separately from both the aerial parts and seeds of the plant using the hydrodistillation method. Antimicrobial activity was determined using the disk diffusion method. Total antioxidant level (TAS), total oxidant level (TOS), and 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity were detected for the antioxidant activity of the plant. The main essential oil components of the above-ground parts Hyoscyamus niger were determined as major components the phytol 52.09%, hexahydrofarnesyl acetone 19.66 %. H. niger seeds were hydrodistilled separately, obtaining yields of 0.7% (v w-1) of yellow oils. In the essential oils of H. niger seeds, forty-one components were identified representing 99.0% of the oils. According to the results of the analysis hexahydrofarnesyl acetone 46.36%, hexanal 9.05% as major components. It was determined that the methanol extracts of the above-ground H. niger inhibited the growth of pathogenic microorganisms at different rates (13-32 mm). TAS value of methanol extracts of H. niger was calculated as 3.7705 mmol, while the TOS value was calculated as 6.9403 μmol. It was determined that the scavenging effects of the DPPH radical increase, depend on increasing concentrations.