Gaze-Following and Awareness of Visual Perspective in Chimpanzees

Abstract : Recent research suggests that chimpanzees are capable of level 1 perspective taking (Flavell, 1992), but that its expression is limited to situations of increased competition (Brauer, Call, & Tomasello, 2007). We present a model utilizing gaze-following that learns in response to the behavior of a competitor. The model not only learns the proper application of the perspective taking strategy but also the critical spatial characteristics that influence the competitive pressure.

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