Paraneoplastic chorea associated with CRMP‐5 neuronal antibody and lung carcinoma

Paraneoplastic chorea is described in 16 patients: 11 with limited small‐cell carcinoma, 2 with lung cancer revealed by imaging, 1 with renal cell carcinoma, and 1 with lymphoma. All had CRMP‐5‐IgG; 6 also had ANNA‐1 (anti‐Hu), including 1 without evident cancer. Chorea was the initial and most prominent symptom in 11 patients, asymmetric or unilateral in 5 patients, and part of a multifocal syndrome in 14 patients. Basal ganglia abnormalities were revealed by magnetic resonance imaging and at autopsy (as perivascular inflammation and microglial activation). Four patients improved with chemotherapy, and 2 improved with intravenous methylprednisolone.

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