Symbolic formulation method for mixed-mode analog circuits using nullors

A formulation method is introduced for the symbolic analysis of mixed-mode analog circuits consisting of opamps, current conveyors and/or current-feedback opamps. We show that by modeling all active devices using only nullors and grounded resistors, a reduced system of nodal equations can be formulated and solved by determinant decision diagrams. The nullor equivalents allow including parasitic elements as demonstrated in designing a universal filter.

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