In situ synthesis of monoclinic β-Ga2O3 nanowires on flexible substrate and solar-blind photodetector

Abstract Flexible solar-blind deep ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors based on β-Ga2O3 have important applications in wearable portable UV light monitoring and smart skins devices. However, flexible devices limit the maximum working temperature, and amorphous nature of film grown under low temperature displays instability. In this work, monoclinic β-Ga2O3 nanowires were synthesized in situ on a flexible glass fiber fabric by chemical vapor deposition with a diameter of 40–280 nm and a length of one to tens of microns under a high temperature. The fabricated photodetector based on β-Ga2O3 nanowires network exhibits a good solar-blind UV photoelectric performance such as an Ilight/Idark ratio of 260, a photoresponsivity of 0.71 A/W and a decay time of 0.19 s under 254 nm UV light illumination. Meanwhile, the performance of the device is not affected by bending conditions. Simple fabrication method and excellent photoelectric performance reveal that this device will be a promising candidate for future flexible solar-blind photodetectors with a high working temperature and high stability.

[1]  Xiaolong Chen,et al.  Large-scale synthesis of single-crystalline β-Ga2O3 nanoribbons, nanosheets and nanowires , 2001 .

[2]  Hui Wu,et al.  Roll‐to‐Roll Production of Transparent Silver‐Nanofiber‐Network Electrodes for Flexible Electrochromic Smart Windows , 2017, Advanced materials.

[3]  Weihua Tang,et al.  Oxygen vacancy tuned Ohmic-Schottky conversion for enhanced performance in β-Ga2O3 solar-blind ultraviolet photodetectors , 2014 .

[4]  Zaoli Zhang,et al.  Graphene-templated synthesis of palladium nanoplates as novel electrocatalyst for direct methanol fuel cell , 2019, Applied Surface Science.

[5]  Jihyun Kim,et al.  High Responsivity β-Ga2O3 Metal–Semiconductor–Metal Solar-Blind Photodetectors with Ultraviolet Transparent Graphene Electrodes , 2018 .

[6]  Chunrui Wang,et al.  Self-Powered Solar-Blind Photodetector with Fast Response Based on Au/β-Ga2O3 Nanowires Array Film Schottky Junction. , 2016, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[7]  B. Fang,et al.  Facile fabrication of alveolate Cu2−xSe microsheets as a new visible-light photocatalyst for discoloration of Rhodamine B , 2018 .

[8]  Lin-Bao Luo,et al.  Graphene‐β‐Ga2O3 Heterojunction for Highly Sensitive Deep UV Photodetector Application , 2016, Advanced materials.

[9]  Weihua Tang,et al.  Low-voltage-worked photodetector based on Cu2O/GaOOH shell-core heterojunction nanorod arrays , 2018, Journal of Alloys and Compounds.

[10]  A. A. Altukhov,et al.  Solar-blind UV flame detector based on natural diamond , 2008 .

[11]  Lei Guo,et al.  Object Detection in Optical Remote Sensing Images Based on Weakly Supervised Learning and High-Level Feature Learning , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.

[12]  M. Lei,et al.  Recent Advances in the Functional 2D Photonic and Optoelectronic Devices , 2018, Advanced Optical Materials.

[13]  Xiaojuan Sun,et al.  Enhanced spectral response of an AlGaN-based solar-blind ultraviolet photodetector with Al nanoparticles. , 2014, Optics express.

[14]  Zhenzhong Zhang,et al.  Self-powered SBD solar-blind photodetector fabricated on the single crystal of β-Ga2O3 , 2018, RSC advances.

[15]  Dongxu Zhao,et al.  Solar-Blind Avalanche Photodetector Based On Single ZnO-Ga₂O₃ Core-Shell Microwire. , 2015, Nano letters.

[16]  W. Zhong,et al.  Photocatalytic H2 evolution on CdS nanoparticles by loading FeSe nanorods as co-catalyst under visible light irradiation , 2019, Journal of Alloys and Compounds.

[17]  R. Agarwal,et al.  Study of photoconduction properties of CVD grown β-Ga2O3 nanowires , 2016 .

[18]  Sun-Kyung Kim,et al.  High-Responsivity Deep-Ultraviolet-Selective Photodetectors Using Ultrathin Gallium Oxide Films , 2017 .

[19]  M. Aono,et al.  Enhancing the humidity sensitivity of Ga2O3 /SnO2 core/shell microribbon by applying mechanical strain and its application as a flexible strain sensor. , 2012, Small.

[20]  Jianjun Li,et al.  Nanocomposite polymer membrane derived from nano TiO2-PMMA and glass fiber nonwoven: high thermal endurance and cycle stability in lithium ion battery applications , 2015 .

[21]  Weihua Tang,et al.  Stabilizing the metastable γ phase in Ga2O3 thin films by Cu doping , 2018 .

[22]  Linpeng Dong,et al.  Analysis of the structural, anisotropic elastic and electronic properties of β-Ga2O3 with various pressures , 2019, Journal of Crystal Growth.

[23]  Radial growth dynamics of nanowires , 2001 .

[24]  C. Shan,et al.  Self-powered diamond/β-Ga2O3 photodetectors for solar-blind imaging , 2018 .

[25]  Weihua Tang,et al.  Self-Powered Ultraviolet Photodetector with Superhigh Photoresponsivity (3.05 A/W) Based on the GaN/Sn:Ga2O3 pn Junction. , 2018, ACS nano.

[26]  Z. Mei,et al.  Room‐Temperature Fabricated Amorphous Ga2O3 High‐Response‐Speed Solar‐Blind Photodetector on Rigid and Flexible Substrates , 2017 .

[27]  Huihui Zhuang,et al.  Transparent conductive Ga2O3/Cu/ITO multilayer films prepared on flexible substrates at room temperature , 2014 .

[28]  Cesare Soci,et al.  Nanowire photodetectors. , 2010, Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology.

[29]  Thomas Richter,et al.  Size-dependent photoconductivity in MBE-grown GaN-nanowires. , 2005, Nano letters.

[30]  Linpeng Dong,et al.  Effects of oxygen vacancies on the structural and optical properties of β-Ga2O3 , 2017, Scientific Reports.

[31]  Linpeng Dong,et al.  Ab initio study of N-doped β-Ga2O3 with intrinsic defects: the structural, electronic and optical properties , 2017 .

[32]  Boosting Fiber-Shaped Photodetectors via "Soft" Interfaces. , 2017, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[33]  G. Shen,et al.  Transferable and flexible nanorod-assembled TiO₂ cloths for dye-sensitized solar cells, photodetectors, and photocatalysts. , 2011, ACS nano.

[34]  Neeraj Goel,et al.  Ultrahigh Performance of Self-Powered β-Ga2O3 Thin Film Solar-Blind Photodetector Grown on Cost-Effective Si Substrate Using High-Temperature Seed Layer , 2018 .

[35]  Weihua Tang,et al.  Fabrication of β-Ga_2O_3 thin films and solar-blind photodetectors by laser MBE technology , 2014 .

[36]  Hao Liu,et al.  Highly sensitive and ultrafast deep UV photodetector based on a β-Ga2O3 nanowire network grown by CVD , 2016 .

[37]  Performance enhancement of a ZnMgO film UV photodetector by HF solution treatment , 2017 .

[38]  Lingxia Zheng,et al.  Efficiency enhancement of TiO2 self-powered UV photodetectors using a transparent Ag nanowire electrode , 2018 .

[39]  Weihua Tang,et al.  Construction of GaN/Ga2O3 p–n junction for an extremely high responsivity self-powered UV photodetector , 2017 .

[40]  Shulong Lu,et al.  Solar-blind ultraviolet photodetector based on graphene/vertical Ga2O3 nanowire array heterojunction , 2018, nano Online.

[41]  Xiaolong Chen,et al.  Synthesis of β-Ga2O3 nanorods , 2000 .

[42]  Qian Liu,et al.  High detectivity solar-blind high-temperature deep-ultraviolet photodetector based on multi-layered (l00) facet-oriented β-Ga₂O₃ nanobelts. , 2014, Small.

[43]  Y. Hao,et al.  Solar blind deep ultraviolet β-Ga 2 O 3 photodetectors grown on sapphire by the Mist-CVD method , 2018 .

[44]  Ming-Yen Lu,et al.  Direct Growth of Aligned Zinc Oxide Nanorods on Paper Substrates for Low‐Cost Flexible Electronics , 2010, Advanced materials.

[45]  Weihua Tang,et al.  Zero-Power-Consumption Solar-Blind Photodetector Based on β-Ga2O3/NSTO Heterojunction. , 2017, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[46]  Junwei Han,et al.  Learning Rotation-Invariant Convolutional Neural Networks for Object Detection in VHR Optical Remote Sensing Images , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.