Modeling Primary Breakup: A Three-Dimensional Eulerian Level Set/Vortex Sheet Method for Two-Phase Interface Dynamics

Abstract : Atomization processes play an important role in a wide variety of technical applications and natural phenomena, ranging from inkjet printers, gas turbines, direct injection IC- engines, and cryogenic rocket engines to ocean wave breaking and hydrothermal features. The atomization process of liquid jets and sheets is usually divided into two consecutive steps: the primary and the secondary breakup. During primary breakup, the liquid jet or sheet exhibits large scale coherent structures that interact with the gas-phase and break up into both large and small scale drops. During secondary breakup, these drops break up into ever smaller drops that finally may evaporate.

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