The use of the erbium yttrium aluminium garnet (2,940 nm) in a laser-assisted apicectomy procedure

If conventional endodontic treatment is not possible or not successful, apical endodontic surgery may be indicated. New techniques, materials and technologies have been used to increase the already high success rate of root canal treatment. The purpose of this article is to describe the use of the Erbium:YAG (2,940 nm) laser in treatment of apicectomy as a central tool, with the advantages of enhanced patient comfort, better bactericidal and decontamination effects.

[1]  I. Grossman,et al.  [Root-end filling materials in apicoectomy--a review]. , 2003, Refu'at ha-peh veha-shinayim.

[2]  T. Strömberg,et al.  Outcomes of periradicular surgery in cases with apical pathosis and untreated canals. , 1999, Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics.

[3]  B. Chong,et al.  Postoperative pain after root-end resection and filling. , 2005, Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics.

[4]  Peter Kessler,et al.  Er:YAG laser osteotomy directed by sensor controlled systems. , 2003, Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery : official publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery.

[5]  W. Kimbrough,et al.  Longitudinal evaluation of the seal of IRM root end fillings. , 1994, Journal of endodontics.

[6]  Ivica Anić,et al.  In vitro study of the variable square pulse Er:YAG laser cutting efficacy for apicectomy , 2005, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[7]  M. Bornstein,et al.  Periapical surgery and the maxillary sinus: radiographic parameters for clinical outcome. , 2007, Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics.

[8]  Isao Ishikawa,et al.  Potential applications of Erbium:YAG laser in periodontics. , 2004, Journal of periodontal research.

[9]  M. BeLLO-siLva,et al.  Sealer penetration and marginal permeability after apicoectomy varying retrocavity preparation and retrofilling material. , 2006, Brazilian dental journal.

[10]  N. Chandler,et al.  The changing role of the apicectomy operation in dentistry. , 2002, Journal of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh.

[11]  P. Hennet,et al.  Surgical Endodontics in Dogs: A Review , 2005, Journal of veterinary dentistry.

[12]  M. Peñarrocha,et al.  Relationship of periapical lesion radiologic size, apical resection, and retrograde filling with the prognosis of periapical surgery. , 2007, Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.

[13]  Syngcuk Kim,et al.  Modern endodontic surgery concepts and practice: a review. , 2006, Journal of endodontics.

[14]  L Strohmenger,et al.  Periapical resurgery versus periapical surgery: a 5-year longitudinal comparison. , 2005, International endodontic journal.

[15]  Neal A Pock,et al.  When all else fails.... , 2003, Medical economics.

[16]  M. Kreisler,et al.  Bactericidal effect of the Er:YAG laser on dental implant surfaces: an in vitro study. , 2002, Journal of periodontology.

[17]  S. Cohn.  When all else fails.... , 1998, Australian endodontic journal : the journal of the Australian Society of Endodontology Inc.

[18]  D. Marković,et al.  [Periapical surgery of the molars]. , 2000, Medicinski pregled.

[19]  L. Stassen,et al.  A microbiological study of pre- and postoperative apicectomy sites , 1997, Clinical Oral Investigations.

[20]  C. Eduardo,et al.  The use of Er:YAG, Nd:YAG and Ga-Al-As lasers in periapical surgery: a 3-year clinical study. , 2001, Journal of clinical laser medicine & surgery.

[21]  S. Friedman.  Retrograde approaches in endodontic therapy. , 1991, Endodontics & dental traumatology.

[22]  R. Hickel,et al.  Antimicrobial effects of 2.94 microm Er:YAG laser radiation on root surfaces: an in vitro study. , 2002, Journal of clinical periodontology.

[23]  G. Ainsworth.  Little evidence of any difference between surgical or non-surgical approaches for retreatment of periapical lesions , 2007, Evidence-Based Dentistry.

[24]  T. Komori,et al.  Clinical application of the erbium:YAG laser for apicoectomy. , 1997, Journal of endodontics.

[25]  A. Freedman,et al.  Complications after apicoectomy in maxillary premolar and molar teeth. , 1999, International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery.

[26]  M Suzuki,et al.  Clinical assessments of the erbium:YAG laser for soft tissue surgery and scaling. , 1996, Journal of clinical laser medicine & surgery.

[27]  M W Berns,et al.  Mid‐infrared erbium:YAG laser ablation of bone: The effect of laser osteotomy on bone healing , 1989, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[28]  F. Schwarz,et al.  [Treatment of periimplantitis with laser or ultrasound. A review of the literature]. , 2004, Schweizer Monatsschrift fur Zahnmedizin = Revue mensuelle suisse d'odonto-stomatologie = Rivista mensile svizzera di odontologia e stomatologia.

[29]  M. Kreisler,et al.  Temperature changes at the implant-bone interface during simulated surface decontamination with an Er:YAG laser. , 2002, The International journal of prosthodontics.

[30]  A. Aoki,et al.  Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy analysis of bone removal using Er:YAG and CO2 lasers. , 2002, Journal of periodontology.

[31]  Isao Ishikawa,et al.  Histological and TEM examination of early stages of bone healing after Er:YAG laser irradiation. , 2004, Photomedicine and laser surgery.

[32]  T. Komori,et al.  Erbium:YAG and holmium:YAG laser root resection of extracted human teeth. , 1997, Journal of clinical laser medicine & surgery.

[33]  S. Friedman,et al.  Relation of pre- and intraoperative factors to prognosis of posterior apical surgery. , 1991, Journal of Endodontics.

[34]  A. Aoki,et al.  Effects of Er:YAG laser on periodontal therapy. , 2003, Journal of the International Academy of Periodontology.

[35]  M. Maddalone,et al.  Periapical endodontic surgery: a 3-year follow-up study. , 2003, International endodontic journal.

[36]  Z. Fuss,et al.  [Endodontic surgery (apicoectomy)--success rate of more than 90% using dental operating microscope and ultrasonic tips]. , 2005, Refu'at ha-peh veha-shinayim.

[37]  T. Amagasa,et al.  Apicoectomy with retrograde gutta-percha root filling. , 1989, Oral surgery, oral medicine, and oral pathology.

[38]  M. Fabbro,et al.  Surgical versus non-surgical endodontic re-treatment for periradicular lesions. , 2007, The Cochrane database of systematic reviews.