Tracking the frequency components of musical tones based on global waveform fitting

A novel approach to estimating sinusoidal parameters of musical tones is presented. The proposed algorithm uses a combined quadratic polynomial phase sinusoid and residual signal model, and a waveform fitting criterion, as opposed to the traditional energy fitting one as employed by short‐time Fourier transform‐based approaches. The proposed algorithm obtains sinusoidal parameters by minimizing the squared difference between the original and the synthesized musical tones. The signal synthesis is implemented implicitly and the synthesis errors are taken into account while the sinusoidal paremeters are estimated. A number of different phase models proposed for music analysis and synthesis are reviewed and their pros and cons are identified. This analysis justifies the use of the proposed signal model. Experiment results for the analysis and synthesis of a variety of musical instrument tones such as piano, trumpet, french horn, flute, and violin are given to demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the ...