Photonic crystal waveguides: Out-of-plane losses and adiabatic modal conversion

An accurate model for the out-of-plane radiation losses occurring when a guided wave propagating in a conventional waveguide impinges on a photonic crystal waveguide is presented. The model makes clear that the losses originate from insertion losses resulting from a mode mismatch. A generic taper structure realizing an adiabatic modal conversion is proposed and validated through numerical computations for cavities with large Q’s and large peak transmission.

[1]  Thomas F. Krauss,et al.  Two-dimensional photonic-bandgap structures operating at near-infrared wavelengths , 1996, Nature.

[2]  C. Caneau,et al.  Edge-emitting lasers with short-period semiconductor/air distributed Bragg reflector mirrors , 1997, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[3]  Amnon Yariv,et al.  Modal reflectivity in finite-depth two-dimensional photonic-crystal microcavities , 1998 .

[4]  Henri Benisty,et al.  Out-of-plane losses of two-dimensional photonic crystals waveguides: Electromagnetic analysis , 2001 .

[5]  Henri Benisty,et al.  Radiation losses of waveguide-based two-dimensional photonic crystals: Positive role of the substrate , 2000 .

[6]  Thomas F. Krauss,et al.  Photonic Microstructures as Laser Mirrors , 1998 .

[7]  E Silberstein,et al.  Fourier-modal methods applied to waveguide computational problems. , 2000, Optics letters.

[8]  A Yariv,et al.  Adiabatic coupling between conventional dielectric waveguides and waveguides with discrete translational symmetry. , 2000, Optics letters.

[9]  Henry I. Smith,et al.  Photonic-bandgap microcavities in optical waveguides , 1997, Nature.

[10]  V. Berger,et al.  Finite-element Maxwell’s equations modeling of etched air/dielectric Bragg mirrors , 1997 .

[11]  J. Joannopoulos,et al.  High Transmission through Sharp Bends in Photonic Crystal Waveguides. , 1996, Physical review letters.

[12]  D. Marcuse.  Theory of dielectric optical waveguides , 1974 .

[13]  A. Tomita,et al.  Lightwave propagation through a 120° sharply bent single-line-defect photonic crystal waveguide , 2000 .

[14]  P. Yeh,et al.  Optical Waves in Layered Media , 1988 .

[15]  Steven G. Johnson,et al.  Three-dimensional photon confinement in photonic crystals of low-dimensional periodicity , 1998 .