Document image binarization using local features and Gaussian mixture modeling

[1]  John B. Shoven,et al.  I , Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal.

[2]  D. Rubin,et al.  Maximum likelihood from incomplete data via the EM - algorithm plus discussions on the paper , 1977 .

[3]  N. Otsu.  A threshold selection method from gray level histograms , 1979 .

[4]  H. R. Keshavan,et al.  An optimal multiple threshold scheme for image segmentation , 1984, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics.

[5]  Wayne Niblack,et al.  An introduction to digital image processing , 1986 .

[6]  Nikos Papamarkos,et al.  A New Approach for Multilevel Threshold Selection , 1994, CVGIP Graph. Model. Image Process..

[7]  Albert A. Michelson,et al.  Studies in Optics , 1995 .

[8]  Jeff A. Bilmes,et al.  A gentle tutorial of the em algorithm and its application to parameter estimation for Gaussian mixture and hidden Markov models , 1998 .

[9]  Matti Pietikäinen,et al.  Adaptive document image binarization , 2000, Pattern Recognit..

[10]  Erkki Oja,et al.  Independent Component Analysis , 2001 .

[11]  Nikos Papamarkos,et al.  A neuro-fuzzy technique for document binarisation , 2003, Neural Computing & Applications.

[12]  Neil A. Dodgson,et al.  The decolorize algorithm for contrast enhancing, color to grayscale conversion , 2005 .

[13]  Bruce Gooch,et al.  Color2Gray: salience-preserving color removal , 2005, SIGGRAPH 2005.

[14]  Nikos A. Nikolaou,et al.  Text binarization in color documents , 2006, Int. J. Imaging Syst. Technol..

[15]  Ioannis Pratikakis,et al.  Adaptive degraded document image binarization , 2006, Pattern Recognit..

[16]  Ioannis Pratikakis,et al.  An old greek handwritten OCR system based on an efficient segmentation-free approach , 2007, International Journal of Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR).

[17]  Nikos Papamarkos,et al.  Optimal combination of document binarization techniques using a self-organizing map neural network , 2007, Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell..

[18]  Nikos Papamarkos,et al.  Document binarisation using Kohonen SOM , 2007 .

[19]  Min Qiu,et al.  Contrast Maximizing and Brightness Preserving Color to Grayscale Image Conversion , 2008, CGIV/MCS.

[20]  Ioannis Pratikakis,et al.  ICDAR 2009 Document Image Binarization Contest (DIBCO 2009) , 2009, 2009 10th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition.

[21]  Raúl Rojas,et al.  Transition pixel: A concept for binarization based on edge detection and gray-intensity histograms , 2010, Pattern Recognit..

[22]  CHEONG HEE PARK,et al.  Detection of an Emerging New Class Using Statistical Hypothesis Testing and Density Estimation , 2010, Int. J. Pattern Recognit. Artif. Intell..

[23]  Raúl Rojas,et al.  Transition thresholds and transition operators for binarization and edge detection , 2010, Pattern Recognit..

[24]  Shijian Lu,et al.  Document image binarization using background estimation and stroke edges , 2010, International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR).

[25]  Ioannis Pratikakis,et al.  H-DIBCO 2010 - Handwritten Document Image Binarization Competition , 2010, 2010 12th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition.

[26]  Shijian Lu,et al.  Binarization of historical document images using the local maximum and minimum , 2010, DAS '10.

[27]  Nikos Papamarkos,et al.  An Adaptive Layer-Based Local Binarization Technique for Degraded Documents , 2010, Int. J. Pattern Recognit. Artif. Intell..

[28]  Mohamed Cheriet,et al.  A multi-scale framework for adaptive binarization of degraded document images , 2010, Pattern Recognit..

[29]  Ioannis Pratikakis,et al.  DIBCO 2009: document image binarization contest , 2011, International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR).

[30]  Ehsanollah Kabir,et al.  Binarization of degraded document image based on feature space partitioning and classification , 2010, International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR).

[31]  Mohamed Cheriet,et al.  A spatially adaptive statistical method for the binarization of historical manuscripts and degraded document images , 2011, Pattern Recognit..

[32]  Mohamed Cheriet,et al.  AdOtsu: An adaptive and parameterless generalization of Otsu's method for document image binarization , 2012, Pattern Recognit..

[33]  Nicholas R. Howe,et al.  Document binarization with automatic parameter tuning , 2013, International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR).

[34]  Ioannis Pratikakis,et al.  ICFHR 2012 Competition on Handwritten Document Image Binarization (H-DIBCO 2012) , 2012, 2012 International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition.

[35]  Garrison W. Cottrell,et al.  Color-to-Grayscale: Does the Method Matter in Image Recognition? , 2012, PloS one.

[36]  Raúl Rojas,et al.  An optimization for binarization methods by removing binary artifacts , 2013, Pattern Recognit. Lett..

[37]  Ioannis Pratikakis,et al.  ICDAR 2013 Document Image Binarization Contest (DIBCO 2013) , 2013, 2013 12th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition.

[38]  Frédéric Bouchara,et al.  FAIR: A Fast Algorithm for Document Image Restoration , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[39]  Marte A. Ramírez-Ortegón,et al.  A model for the gray-intensity distribution of historical handwritten documents and its application for binarization , 2013, International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR).

[40]  Raúl Rojas,et al.  An analysis of the transition proportion for binarization in handwritten historical documents , 2014, Pattern Recognit..

[41]  Ioannis Pratikakis,et al.  A combined approach for the binarization of handwritten document images , 2014, Pattern Recognit. Lett..