Selection of suitable maximum-heart-rate formulas for use with Karvonen formula to calculate exercise intensity

The Karvonen formula, which is widely used to estimate exercise intensity, contains maximum heart rate, HRmax, as a variable. This study employed pedaling experiments to assess which of the proposed formulas for calculating HRmax was the most suitable for use with the Karvonen formula. First, two kinds of experiments involving an ergometer were performed: an all-in-one-day experiment that tested eight pedaling loads in one day, and a one-load-per-day experiment that tested one load per day for eight days. A comparison of the data on 7 subjects showed that the all-in-one-day type of experiment was better for assessing HRmax formulas, at least for the load levels tested in our experiments. A statistical analysis of the experimental data on 47 subjects showed two of the HRmax formulas to be suitable for use in the Karvonen formula to estimate exercise intensity for males in their 20 s. In addition, the physical characteristics of a person having the greatest impact on exercise intensity were determined.

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