Distortion in Current Commutating Passive CMOS Downconversion Mixers

CMOS passive mixer linearity is analyzed using a Volterra-series analysis and closed-form expressions for IIP2, two-tone IIP3, and cross-modulation IIP3 are presented, exhibiting dependence upon the mixer source and load impedances. Design guidelines are suggested for improving the mixer linearity performance. Accurate expressions are presented for the input impedance of an ideal passive mixer with an arbitrary load impedance. The calculations are in close agreement with the measured results and the simulated response.

[1]  M.H. White,et al.  High-accuracy MOS models for computer-aided design , 1980, IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices.

[2]  S. A. Maas.  Theory and Analysis of GaAs MESFET Mixers (Short Papers) , 1984 .

[3]  S. Maas.  Two-Tone Intermodulation in Diode Mixers , 1987 .

[4]  N. D. Arora,et al.  MOSFET Models for VLSI Circuit Simulation: Theory and Practice , 1993 .

[5]  R. Rios,et al.  PCIM: a physically based continuous short-channel IGFET model for circuit simulation , 1994 .

[6]  Matthias Bucher,et al.  An efficient parameter extraction methodology for the EKV MOST model , 1996, Proceedings of International Conference on Microelectronic Test Structures.

[7]  Thomas H. Lee,et al.  The Design of CMOS Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits: RF CIRCUITS THROUGH THE AGES , 2003 .

[8]  C. C. McAndrew,et al.  An improved MOSFET model for circuit simulation , 1998 .

[9]  B. Leung,et al.  Distortion analysis of MOS track-and-hold sampling mixers using time-varying Volterra series , 1999 .

[10]  R.G. Meyer,et al.  Intermodulation distortion in current-commutating CMOS mixers , 2000, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[11]  Un-Ku Moon,et al.  An adaptive offset cancellation mixer for direct conversion receivers in 2.4 GHz CMOS , 2000, 2000 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Emerging Technologies for the 21st Century. Proceedings (IEEE Cat No.00CH36353).

[12]  W. Redman-White,et al.  1/f noise in passive CMOS mixers for low and zero IF integrated receivers , 2001, Proceedings of the 27th European Solid-State Circuits Conference.

[13]  Mohamed A. Y. Abdulla,et al.  Distortion Analysis in Analog Integrated Circuits , 2002 .

[14]  Danilo Manstretta,et al.  Analysis and optimization of IIP2 in CMOS direct down-converters , 2002, Proceedings of the IEEE 2002 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (Cat. No.02CH37285).

[15]  Vladimir Aparin,et al.  Analysis and reduction of cross-modulation distortion in CDMA receivers , 2003 .

[16]  L.E. Larson,et al.  A capacitance-compensation technique for improved linearity in CMOS class-AB power amplifiers , 2004, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[17]  Mansun Chan,et al.  BSIM5 MOSFET Model , 2004, Proceedings. 7th International Conference on Solid-State and Integrated Circuits Technology, 2004..

[18]  W. Grabinski,et al.  RF distortion analysis with compact MOSFET models , 2004, Proceedings of the IEEE 2004 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37571).

[19]  M.-C.F. Chang,et al.  A CMOS passive mixer with low flicker noise for low-power direct-conversion receiver , 2005, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[20]  Ali M. Niknejad,et al.  Charge-based core and the model architecture of BSIM5 , 2005, Sixth international symposium on quality electronic design (isqed'05).

[21]  G. Gildenblat,et al.  PSP: An Advanced Surface-Potential-Based MOSFET Model for Circuit Simulation , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices.

[22]  K.S.J. Pister,et al.  Low-Power 2.4-GHz Transceiver With Passive RX Front-End and 400-mV Supply , 2006, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[23]  Namsoo Kim,et al.  A highly linear SAW-less CMOS receiver using a mixer with embedded Tx filtering for CDMA , 2008, 2008 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference.

[24]  L.E. Larson,et al.  A resistively degenerated wide-band passive mixer with low noise figure and +60dBm IIP2 in 0.18μm CMOS , 2008, 2008 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium.

[25]  Lawrence E. Larson,et al.  A SAW-less CMOS CDMA receiver with active Tx filtering , 2009, 2009 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference.

[26]  Lawrence E. Larson,et al.  A SAW-less CDMA receiver front-end with single-ended LNA and single-balanced mixer with 25% duty-cycle LO in 65nm CMOS , 2009, 2009 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium.

[27]  Lawrence E. Larson,et al.  Simulation of intermodulation distortion in passive CMOS FET mixers , 2009, 2009 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest.

[28]  Vladimir Aparin,et al.  A Resistively Degenerated Wideband Passive Mixer With Low Noise Figure and High ${\rm IIP}_{2}$ , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.