High Frequency Modeling and Experimental Analysis for Implementation of Impedance-based Structural Health Monitoring

A promising structural health monitoring (SHM) method for implementation on real world structures is impedance-based health monitoring. An in-service system is envisioned to include on board processing and perhaps wireless transfer of data. Ideally, a system could be produced as a slap-on or automatically installed addition to a structure. The research presented in this dissertation addresses issues that will help make such a system a reality. Although impedance-based SHM does not typically use an analytical model for basic damage identification, a model is necessary for more advanced features of SHM, such as damage prognosis, and to evaluate system parameters when installing on various structures. A model was developed based on circuit analysis of the previously proposed low-cost circuit for impedance-based SHM in combination with spectral elements. When a three-layer spectral element representing a piezoceramic bonded to a base beam is used, the model can predict the large peaks in the impedance response due to resonances of the bonded active sensor. Parallel and series connections of distributed sensor systems are investigated both experimentally and with the developed model. Additionally, the distribution of baseline damage metrics is determined to assess how the large quantities of data produced by a monitoring system can be handled statistically. A modification of the RMSD damage metric has also been proposed that is essentially the squared sum of the Z-statistic for each frequency point. Preferred excitation frequencies for macro-fiber composite (MFC) active sensors are statistically determined for a long composite boom under development for use in rigidizable inflatable space structures. Acknowledgements First, I would like to express my gratitude to my advisor, Dr. Daniel Inman, for his help and support. Sincere thanks are also due to Drs. Don Leo, M.P. Singh, Harry Robertshaw, and Gyuhae Park for being on my doctoral committee. Dr. Park deserves special recognition for not only his advice on the impedance-based structural health monitoring, but also for convincing me to pursue my Ph.D. I would like to thank all of my colleagues who have made the last several years at CIMSS enjoyable. I would like to acknowledge the financial support of the Goodson Professorship, NASA Graduate Student Researcher Program, National Science Foundation and Extreme Diagnostics, Inc. Finally, I am especially thankful for the steadfast support of my parents and fiancée, Abby Turpyn. I would have never made it without their constant encouragement.

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