Designs to avoid the need to travel in Europe

Abstract On‐going trends in travel have led to the need to consider the possibilities fir travel reduction, particularly travel by car and at peak times. It has therefore been considered necessary to identify strategies fir reducing the amount of travel to a necessary minimum, considering which components of travel need to be addressed and what types of effects any travel reduction strategies would have on travel behaviour. Accordingly, this paper discusses travel trends in Europe, investigates a set of travel reduction measures and reviews their current implementation. This involves, firstly, the demonstration of significant travel trends, both through statistics at an aggregated level across Europe and findings from a series of individual countries. These trends point to the increase in travel, with increasing number and length of trips, with a particular emphasis on growing car use and dependence. The paper goes on to explore possibilities for applying travel reduction strategies to tackle the observed...