Interpretation of Doppler Weather Radar Displays of Midlatitude Mesoscale Convective Systems

Abstract The utility of color displays of Doppler-radar data in revealing real-time kinematic information has been demonstrated in past studies, especially for extratropical cyclones and severe thunderstorms. Such displays can also indicate aspects of the circulation within a certain type of mesoscale convective system—the squall line with trailing “stratiform” rain. Displays from a single Doppler radar collected in two squall-line storms observed during the Oklahoma-Kansas PRE-STORM project conducted in May and June 1985 reveal mesoscale-flow patterns in the stratiform rain region of the squall line, such as front-to-rear storm-relative flow at upper levels, a subsiding storm-relative rear inflow at middle and low levels, and low-level divergent flow associated with strong mesoscale subsidence. “Dual-Doppler” analysis further illustrates these mesoscale-flow features and, in addition, shows the structure of the convective region within the squall line and a mesoscale vortex in the “stratiform” region tra...