Analysis of multistage amplifier-frequency compensation

Frequency-compensation techniques of single-, two- and three-stage amplifiers based on Miller pole splitting and pole-zero cancellation are re-analyzed. The assumptions made, transfer functions, stability criteria, bandwidths, and important design issues of most of the reported topologies are included. Several proposed methods to improve the published topologies are given. In addition, simulations and experimental results are provided to verify the analysis and to prove the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

[1]  P.R. Gray,et al.  An integrated NMOS operational amplifier with internal compensation , 1976, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[2]  Robert G. Meyer,et al.  Relationship between frequency response and settling time of operational amplifiers , 1974 .

[3]  P.K.T. Mok,et al.  Damping-factor-control frequency compensation technique for low-voltage low-power large capacitive load applications , 1999, 1999 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference. Digest of Technical Papers. ISSCC. First Edition (Cat. No.99CH36278).

[4]  J. H. Huijsing,et al.  Comments on "A 100-MHz 100 dB operational amplifier with multipath nested Miller compensation structure" [and reply] , 1996, IEEE J. Solid State Circuits.

[5]  Jose B. Cruz,et al.  Feedback systems , 1971 .

[6]  G. Palumbo,et al.  A compensation strategy for two-stage CMOS opamps based on current buffer , 1997 .

[7]  D.J. Allstot,et al.  A high performance low power CMOS channel filter , 1980, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[8]  L.O. Chua,et al.  Introduction to circuit synthesis and design , 1979, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[9]  Wing-Hung Ki,et al.  Re-examination of pole splitting of a generic single stage amplifier , 1997 .

[10]  Johan H. Huijsing,et al.  A 1-GHz bipolar class-AB operational amplifier with multipath nested Miller compensation for 76-dB gain , 1997 .

[11]  E. Cherry.  A new result in negative-feedback theory, and its application to audio power amplifiers , 1978 .

[12]  Johan H. Huijsing,et al.  A 100-MHz 100-dB operational amplifier with multipath nested Miller compensation structure , 1992 .

[13]  Johan H. Huijsing,et al.  Frequency Compensation Techniques for Low-Power Operational Amplifiers , 1995 .

[14]  Ka Nang Leung,et al.  Right-half-plane zero removal technique for low-voltage low-power nested Miller compensation CMOS amplifier , 1999, ICECS'99. Proceedings of ICECS '99. 6th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (Cat. No.99EX357).

[15]  B.K. Ahuja,et al.  An improved frequency compensation technique for CMOS operational amplifiers , 1983, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[16]  C.T. Chuang.  Analysis of the settling behavior of an operational amplifier , 1982, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[17]  Gabor C. Temes,et al.  Introduction to Circuit Synthesis and Design , 1977 .

[18]  D. J. Allstot,et al.  A multistage amplifier technique with embedded frequency compensation , 1999, IEEE J. Solid State Circuits.

[19]  Ka Nang Leung,et al.  Three-stage large capacitive load amplifier with damping-factor-control frequency compensation , 2000, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[20]  Willy Sansen,et al.  A CMOS large-swing low-distortion three-stage class AB power amplifier , 1990 .

[21]  J. A. Connelly,et al.  An Optimized Compensation Strategy for Two-Stage CMOS OP AMPS , 1995 .

[22]  R. Castello,et al.  A CMOS Low Distortion Fully Differential Power Amplifier With Double Nested Miller Compensation , 1992, ESSCIRC '92: Eighteenth European Solid-State Circuits conference.

[23]  E. Sánchez-Sinencio,et al.  Multistage amplifier topologies with nested Gm-C compensation , 1997, IEEE J. Solid State Circuits.

[24]  P.R. Gray,et al.  MOS operational amplifier design-a tutorial overview , 1982, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[25]  James W. Nilsson.  Electric circuits (4. ed.) , 1993, Addison-Wesley series in electrical and computer engineering.

[26]  D.A. Hodges,et al.  High-performance NMOS operational amplifier , 1978, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[27]  Ka Nang Leung,et al.  Analysis on an alternative structure of damping-factor-control frequency compensation , 2000, 2000 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Emerging Technologies for the 21st Century. Proceedings (IEEE Cat No.00CH36353).

[28]  Johan H. Huijsing,et al.  Low-power low-voltage VLSI operational amplifier cells , 1995 .

[29]  Tamás Roska,et al.  IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I - Fundamental Theory and Applications: Editorial , 2003 .

[30]  J. E. Solomon,et al.  The monolithic op amp: a tutorial study , 1974 .

[31]  Robert G. Meyer,et al.  Analysis and Design of Analog Integrated Circuits , 1993 .

[32]  Paul R. Gray,et al.  CMOS pulse-code-modulation voice codec , 1978 .