Transesterification of jatropha oil with methanol over Mg-Zn mixed metal oxide catalysts

A design was developed for the transesterification reaction of non-edible Jatropha Curcas oil using a heterogeneous catalysis system to replace the use of a homogeneous catalytic reaction. Investigations were conducted on solid MgO–ZnO mixed metal oxide catalyst bases with different atomic ratios of magnesium to zinc (Mg/Zn). These catalysts were characterized by BET (Brunauer–Emmer–Teller) surface area analysis, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), and the alkalinity of the catalysts was studied by Temperature Programmed Desorption of carbon dioxide (TPD-CO2). The physicochemical properties of the MgO–ZnO binary system were superior to those of the individual bulk oxides of MgO and ZnO. In addition, the formation of a binary system between MgO and ZnO established an effective method for transesterification processes. In this study, the effects of stoichiometric composition and surface characteristics on the transesterification activity of MgO–ZnO were investigated. The catalysts exhibited high catalytic activity (∼80%) with reliable reusability for biodiesel production.

[1]  Jia Luo,et al.  Biodiesel production from soybean and Jatropha oils by magnetic CaFe2O4–Ca2Fe2O5-based catalyst , 2014 .

[2]  J. Juan,et al.  Transesterification of non-edible Jatropha curcas oil to biodiesel using binary Ca–Mg mixed oxide catalyst: Effect of stoichiometric composition , 2011 .

[3]  Subhash Bhatia,et al.  Feasibility of edible oil vs. non-edible oil vs. waste edible oil as biodiesel feedstock , 2008 .

[4]  T. Wu,et al.  Biodiesel production from Jatropha oil by catalytic and non-catalytic approaches: an overview. , 2011, Bioresource technology.

[5]  Ivana Lukic,et al.  Biodiesel synthesis at high pressure and temperature: analysis of energy consumption on industrial scale. , 2009, Bioresource technology.

[6]  Ashok Pandey,et al.  Handbook of Plant Based Biofuels , 2007 .

[7]  P. Nakpong,et al.  Optimization of biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas L. oil via alkali-catalyzed methanolysis , 2010 .

[8]  J. Juan,et al.  Process optimization design for jatropha-based biodiesel production using response surface methodolo , 2011 .

[9]  N. Babu,et al.  Transesterification of edible and non-edible oils over basic solid Mg/Zr catalysts , 2009 .

[10]  Yun Hin Taufiq-Yap,et al.  Preparation and application of binary acid–base CaO–La2O3 catalyst for biodiesel production , 2015 .

[11]  N. Babu,et al.  Room-Temperature Transesterification of Edible and Nonedible Oils Using a Heterogeneous Strong Basic Mg/La Catalyst , 2008 .

[12]  Y. Taufiq-Yap,et al.  Calcium-based mixed oxide catalysts for methanolysis of Jatropha curcas oil to biodiesel. , 2011 .

[13]  T. Berger,et al.  Lithium ion induced surface reactivity changes on MgO nanoparticles , 2007 .

[14]  Cristian Carraretto,et al.  Biodiesel as alternative fuel: Experimental analysis and energetic evaluations , 2004 .

[15]  J. V. Gerpen,et al.  Biodiesel processing and production , 2005 .

[16]  Zhen Fang,et al.  Production of biodiesel from Jatropha oil catalyzed by nanosized solid basic catalyst , 2011 .

[17]  M. Martínez,et al.  Biodiesel production optimization using γAl2O3 based catalysts , 2014 .

[18]  M. Aronson,et al.  Transesterification of tributyrin with methanol over basic Mg:Zr mixed oxide catalysts , 2010 .

[19]  C. Veloso,et al.  Zn,Al-catalysts for heterogeneous biodiesel production: basicity and process optimization. , 2014 .

[20]  K. Wilson,et al.  In situ studies of structure-reactivity relations in biodiesel synthesis over nanocrystalline MgO. , 2010 .

[21]  Jusuke Hidaka,et al.  Calcium oxide as a solid base catalyst for transesterification of soybean oil and its application to biodiesel production , 2008 .

[22]  B. Hameed,et al.  KyMg1−xZn1+xO3 as a heterogeneous catalyst in the transesterification of palm oil to fatty acid methyl esters , 2009 .

[23]  Shuguang Deng,et al.  Transesterification kinetics of Camelina sativa oil on metal oxide catalysts under conventional and microwave heating conditions , 2011 .

[24]  B. Hameed,et al.  Transesterification of palm oil on KyMg1 − xZn1 + xO3 catalyst: Effect of Mg–Zn interaction , 2010 .

[25]  M. Kalita,et al.  Production of biodiesel from sunflower oil using highly catalytic bimetallic gold–silver core–shell nanoparticle , 2014 .

[26]  V. Rudolph,et al.  Transesterification of Vegetable Oil to Biodiesel over MgO-Functionalized Mesoporous Catalysts† , 2008 .

[27]  K. Faungnawakij,et al.  Magnesia modified with strontium as a solid base catalyst for transesterification of palm olein , 2010 .

[28]  W. P. Scarrah,et al.  Rapeseed oil transesterification by heterogeneous catalysis , 1984 .

[29]  Xuezheng Liang,et al.  Synthesis of biodiesel from waste oil under mild conditions using novel acidic ionic liquid immobilization on poly divinylbenzene , 2013 .

[30]  G. Marin,et al.  Simulation of heterogeneously MgO-catalyzed transesterification for fine-chemical and biodiesel industrial production , 2006 .

[31]  Shuli Yan,et al.  Simultaneous transesterification and esterification of unrefined or waste oils over ZnO-La2O3 catalysts , 2009 .

[32]  A. Sanjid,et al.  Assessing idling effects on a compression ignition engine fueled with Jatropha and Palm biodiesel blends , 2014 .

[33]  Keat-Teong Lee,et al.  Ultrasound-assisted transesterification of crude Jatropha oil using cesium doped heteropolyacid catalyst: interactions between process variables. , 2013 .

[34]  Yuhan Sun,et al.  Mesoporous CaO-ZrO2 nano-oxides : A novel solid base with high activity and stability , 2009 .