Anarchy Versus Cooperation on Internet of Molecular Things

Using the advances in molecular communications (MCs), nanomachines as a group can undertake complex tasks. With the emergence of Internet of molecular things (IoMT), such nanomachine groups are now larger than ever. However, the minimal design of nanomachines makes cooperation difficult. In this paper, we investigate the performances of anarchic and cooperative transmitters in IoMT. We design an MC game in which nanomachines choose to cooperate or confront. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of cooperation and state the possible transmitter personalities using game theoretic principles. Moreover, we focus on methods to ensure cooperation and we explore the optimal transmitter behavior if its partner rejects cooperation. Finally, we deduce that although ensuring cooperation may be done effectively with minimum hardware, anarchy is not necessarily a bad result. We also realize that in case a transmitter rejects cooperation, perpetual confrontation is not a good approach.

[1]  David Liao,et al.  Evolutionary game theory in cancer: first steps in prediction of metastatic cancer progression? , 2015, Future oncology.

[2]  Özgür B. Akan,et al.  Body area nanonetworks with molecular communications in nanomedicine , 2012, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[3]  K. J. Ray Liu,et al.  Nanoscale molecular communication networks: a game-theoretic perspective , 2015, EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process..

[4]  Özgür B. Akan,et al.  On Channel Capacity and Error Compensation in Molecular Communication , 2008, Trans. Comp. Sys. Biology.

[5]  Murat Kuscu,et al.  The Internet of Molecular Things Based on FRET , 2016, IEEE Internet of Things Journal.

[6]  Ian F. Akyildiz,et al.  Nanonetworks: A new communication paradigm , 2008, Comput. Networks.

[7]  W. Hamilton,et al.  The evolution of cooperation. , 1984, Science.

[8]  Ian F. Akyildiz,et al.  Molecular communication options for long range nanonetworks , 2009, Comput. Networks.

[9]  Ian F. Akyildiz,et al.  A new nanonetwork architecture using flagellated bacteria and catalytic nanomotors , 2010, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[10]  Hans J. Bohnert,et al.  Biotechnology for mechanisms that counteract salt stress in extremophile species: a genome-based view , 2012, Plant Biotechnology Reports.

[11]  Howell G. M. Edwards,et al.  Lichen colonization of an active volcanic environment: a Raman spectroscopic study of extremophile biomolecular protective strategies , 2010 .

[12]  C. Cannings,et al.  Evolutionary Game Theory , 2010 .

[13]  N. Farsad,et al.  Microchannel molecular communication with nanoscale carriers: Brownian motion versus active transport , 2010, 10th IEEE International Conference on Nanotechnology.

[14]  Andrew W. Eckford,et al.  Nanoscale Communication with Brownian Motion , 2007, 2007 41st Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems.

[15]  O. Akan,et al.  An Information Theoretical Analysis of Nanoscale Molecular Gap Junction Communication Channel Between Cardiomyocytes , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology.

[16]  Massimiliano Pierobon,et al.  Diffusion-Based Noise Analysis for Molecular Communication in Nanonetworks , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[17]  J. Krebs,et al.  Arms races between and within species , 1979, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences.