Molecular fluorescence in the vicinity of a nanoscopic probe

The dramatic modifications of molecular fluorescence in the proximity of a sharp nanoscopic probe is investigated by an apertureless or antenna-based near-field scanning optical microscope, which exploits the interactions between a fluorescent sample and a laser illuminated Si atomic force microscope probe. Specifically, luminescence is monitored from evanescently excited, dye-doped polystyrene nanospheres (RS=20–80 nm) on a fused silica prism surface as a function of probe-sample geometry. The incident laser field is enhanced in the near-field of the probe tip, resulting in images with high sensitivity (σmin≈2 A2 in a 1 Hz detection bandwidth) and strongly subdiffraction-limited spatial resolution. At probe-sample distances greater than ≈λ/2, the images are dominated by far-field interference between (i) direct fluorescence from the molecular sample and (ii) indirect fluorescence from image dipoles induced in the atomic force microscope probe. Near-field “shadowing” of the molecular fluorescence by the p...

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