Synthèse bibliographique de l'influence du procédé d'extraction et de purification sur les caractéristiques et les propriétés d'une gomme de caroube

Le caroubier est une essence cultivee pour ses graines dans le bassin mediterraneen. Ces graines contiennent un endosperme riche en galactomannanes tres prise, notamment par l’industrie agro-alimentaire, pour ses proprietes texturantes. Apres recolte, les graines subissent une decutilation et une degermination. Les endospermes ainsi nettoyes sont ensuite broyes pour donner la gomme de caroube brute. L’etape de purification consiste en une solubilisation de la farine et une precipitation des galactomannanes. Cette etape influence particulierement les caracteristiques de la gomme obtenue. La temperature de solubilisation est le parametre qui impacte le plus sur les caracteristiques finales du produit. Elle permet, selon qu’elle soit faible ou elevee, de selectionner des galactomannanes de caracteristiques structurales differentes, qui presenteront de ce fait des proprietes physiques fort differentes en solutions aqueuses.

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