Effect of the Tool Rotational Speed on the Mechanical Properties of Thin AA1050 Friction Stir Welded Sheets

Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a solid-state process which is extensively used to join aluminum sheet structures in a wide variety of industries, including aerospace, automotive, railway, and maritime. This research is focused on the influence of the tool rotational speed on the mechanical properties of friction stir welded 2 mm thick AA1050 aluminum alloys butt joints. Tool rotational speeds from 500rpm to 2000 rpm with a 250rpm step and 1.7mm and 1.8mm plunge depth values were used. Experiments were conducted in a vertical Haas VF2 3 axis CNC milling machine center. Three joint specimens were tested for each case. The tensile properties of the friction stir welded AA1050 aluminum alloys were investigated in the direction perpendicular to the friction stir welding joint. Tensile experiments were conducted using a Schenk Trebel Co. tensile test machine and the Ultimate Tensile Strength, the Young’s Modulus and strain were calculated. Results were compared with reference material values. In all cases the calculated values were significantly lower than the equivalent reference material values which is expected due to the fact that the area of the welding joint was lower than the specimen cross sectional area, for the welding conditions employed.

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