Speech Recognition: A Tutorial Overview

Research toward mechanical recognition of speech is laying the foundation for significant advances in pattern recognition and artificial intelligence. This paper explains the nature of some of these advances and provides an introduction to the state of the art of automatic speech recognition.

[1]  A. H. Gray,et al.  COSH measure for speech processing , 1975 .

[2]  Xerox Corpora,et al.  Speech Recognition Experiments with Linear Predication, Bandpass Filtering, and Dynamic Programming , 1975 .

[3]  Hiroaki Sakoe,et al.  A Dynamic Programming Approach to Continuous Speech Recognition , 1971 .

[4]  A M Liberman,et al.  Perception of the speech code. , 1967, Psychological review.

[5]  J. Markel Digital inverse filtering-a new tool for formant trajectory estimation , 1972 .

[6]  Waveforms Hisashi Wakita Direct Estimation of the Vocal Tract Shape by Inverse Filtering of Acoustic Speech , 1973 .

[7]  D. Hubel,et al.  Receptive fields and functional architecture of monkey striate cortex , 1968, The Journal of physiology.

[8]  I. Kameny,et al.  Comparison of the formant spaces of retroflexed and nonretroflexed vowels , 1975 .

[9]  R. Niederjohn A mathematical formulation and comparison of zero-crossing analysis techniques which have been applied to automatioc speech recognition , 1975 .

[10]  Allen Newell,et al.  Speech understanding systems : Final report of a study group , 1973 .

[11]  R. M. Warren,et al.  Auditory illusions and confusions. , 1970, Scientific American.

[12]  O. Fujimura,et al.  Syllable as a unit of speech recognition , 1975 .

[13]  L. Rabiner,et al.  An algorithm for determining the endpoints of isolated utterances , 1974, The Bell System Technical Journal.

[14]  J. Friedman,et al.  Computer exploration of fast-speech rules , 1975 .

[15]  Charles C. Tappert,et al.  A Procedure for Adaptive Control of the Interaction Between Acoustic Classification and Linguistic Decoding in Automatic Recognition of Continuous Speech , 1973, IJCAI.

[16]  James K. Baker,et al.  Stochastic modeling as a means of automatic speech recognition. , 1975 .

[17]  J. Makhoul Spectral analysis of speech by linear prediction , 1973 .

[18]  Hisashi Wakita Approach to vowel normalization , 1975 .

[19]  D.R. Reddy,et al.  Speech recognition by machine: A review , 1976, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[20]  James L. Flanagan,et al.  A Mathematical Formulation and Comparison of Zero-Crossing Analysis Techniques which have been Applied to Automatic Speech Recognition , 1975 .

[21]  A. Samuel,et al.  Whither speech recognition? , 1969, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[22]  C. H. Coker,et al.  Synthetic voices for computers , 1970, IEEE Spectrum.

[23]  G. White,et al.  Speech recognition experiments with linear predication, bandpass filtering, and dynamic programming , 1976 .

[24]  George M. White,et al.  On the Use of Syntax in a Low Cost Real Time Speech Recognition System , 1974, IFIP Congress.

[25]  M.R. Schroeder,et al.  Models of hearing , 1975, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[26]  Alphonse Chapanis,et al.  Interactive human communication , 1975 .

[27]  Thomas Brooks Martin,et al.  Acoustic recognition of a limited vocabulary in continuous speech , 1970 .

[28]  W D Marslen-Wilson,et al.  Sentence Perception as an Interactive Parallel Process , 1975, Science.

[29]  P. Mermelstein Automatic segmentation of speech into syllabic units. , 1975, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[30]  P. Denes The Speech Chain , 1963 .

[31]  Robert W. Brodersen,et al.  Applications of charge-coupled device transversal filters to communication , 1975 .

[32]  Petr Beckmann Computerization of English , 1971, IEEE Spectrum.

[33]  F. Itakura,et al.  Minimum prediction residual principle applied to speech recognition , 1975 .

[34]  V. Zue,et al.  The role of phonological rules in speech understanding research , 1975 .

[35]  A. H. Gray,et al.  Cepstral distance and the frequency domain , 1975 .

[36]  R. Plomp,et al.  Frequency analysis of Dutch vowels from 50 male speakers. , 1973, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.