T-SEA: trust based secure and energy aware routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks

A trust based secure and energy aware (T-SEA) routing protocol for detection and isolation of black/gray hole nodes in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) is proposed in this paper. Energy aware characteristic is a vital requirement for prolonging MANET lifespan. Intrusion detection systems (IDSs) are used to monitor and catch black/gray hole nodes. Nodes having sufficient energy, high value of trust and maximum connections are selected as IDS capable nodes. T-SEA first detects suspicious nodes during data transfer phase without requiring any node to activate in sniff mode. Only few nodes (IDS nodes) out of IDS capable nodes function in sniff manner for monitoring during data transmission phase. During monitoring, IDS nodes detect a node as malicious based on nodes’ current behavior, current trust and behavior recorded during previous transmissions. The detection technique is energy aware since IDS executes only on few nodes at a time subsequent to the discovery of attack. This paper employs NS-2 to validate the proposed protocol.

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