MARKET BASED DEMAND RESPONSE. END USER INVOLVEMENT AND EXPERIENCES FROM NORWEGIAN PILOTS

This paper summarizes the main activities in a Norwegian project (2005-2008) focusing on demand response in periods with shortage in the electricity market. The following 4 pilot tests, demonstrating different alternatives of response to Time of Day (ToD) network tariffs and energy price, are described on a principle basis: 1. Remotely controlled load shifting 2. Fixed price contract with return option 3. Automatic load reduction when spot price exceeds a predefined limit 4. Advanced load control in housing cooperative. The main objective of the tests is to explore the customer acceptance and the load curve impacts of the economic incentives given. Active market participation requires frequent metering. Cost effective deployment of technology for automatic meter reading is one of the main objectives of the research. A short description of the main aspects with regard to remote metering and load control options are given in the paper.