Voltammetric and DFT Studies on Viloxazine: Analytical Application to Pharmaceuticals and Biological Fluids

Departamento de Qumica Orgaˆnica, Faculdade de Farma´cia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-047 Porto, PortugalReceived:January 16, 2008Accepted:March 14, 2008AbstractThe oxidative behavior of viloxazine was studied at a glassy carbon electrode in different buffer systems using cyclic,differential pulse and square-wave voltammetry. The oxidation process was shown to be diffusion-controlled andirreversible over the studied pH. The voltammetric study of the model compounds, 2-ethoxyanisole and morpholine,associated with quantum mechanical (DFT) calculations, allowed to elucidate the oxidation mechanism of viloxazine.An analytical method was developed for the quantification of viloxazine using an acetate pH 5 buffer solution as asupporting electrolyte. A linear response was obtained in the range 7 to 45 mM, with a detection limit of 0.8 mM.Validation parameters such as sensitivity, precision and accuracy were evaluated. The proposed method wassuccessfully applied to the determination of viloxazine in pharmaceutical formulations and in human serum. Theresults were statistically compared with those obtained through an established high-performance liquid chromatog-raphy technique, no significant differences having been found between the two methods.Keywords:Viloxazine, Square-wave voltammetry, Oxidation, DFT calculations, Pharmaceutics, Biological fluidsDOI:10.1002/elan.200804202

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