Potential of non-invasive esophagus cancer detection based on urine surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Non-invasive esophagus cancer detection based on urine surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) analysis was presented. Urine SERS spectra were measured on esophagus cancer patients (n = 56) and healthy volunteers (n = 36) for control analysis. Tentative assignments of the urine SERS spectra indicated some interesting esophagus cancer-specific biomolecular changes, including a decrease in the relative content of urea and an increase in the percentage of uric acid in the urine of esophagus cancer patients compared to that of healthy subjects. Principal component analysis (PCA) combined with linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was employed to analyze and differentiate the SERS spectra between normal and esophagus cancer urine. The diagnostic algorithms utilizing a multivariate analysis method achieved a diagnostic sensitivity of 89.3% and specificity of 83.3% for separating esophagus cancer samples from normal urine samples. These results from the explorative work suggested that silver nano particle-based urine SERS analysis coupled with PCA?LDA multivariate analysis has potential for non-invasive detection of esophagus cancer.

[1]  Maxim E. Darvin,et al.  In vivo Raman spectroscopy detects increased epidermal antioxidative potential with topically applied carotenoids , 2008 .

[2]  Shaoxin Li,et al.  Potential of cancer screening with serum surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and a support vector machine , 2014 .

[3]  O. Nielsen,et al.  DFT based relaxed PES scan studies and SERS of anti cancer drug, Combretastatin A-4 , 2005 .

[4]  Dmitri Petrov,et al.  Single DNA molecule detection in an optical trap using surface-enhanced Raman scattering , 2010 .

[5]  G. Jin,et al.  Epidemiologic differences in esophageal cancer between Asian and Western populations , 2012, Chinese journal of cancer.

[6]  Mads S. Bergholt,et al.  In Vivo Diagnosis of Esophageal Cancer Using Image-Guided Raman Endoscopy and Biomolecular Modeling , 2011, Technology in cancer research & treatment.

[7]  Heyou Han,et al.  Highly Sensitive Silver Mirror Substrate Preparation and Its Application to Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic Detection of Furazolidone: Highly Sensitive Silver Mirror Substrate Preparation and Its Application to Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic Detection of Furazolidone , 2010 .

[8]  Y. Ozaki,et al.  Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy , 2005 .

[9]  Zufang Huang,et al.  Nasopharyngeal cancer detection based on blood plasma surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and multivariate analysis. , 2010, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[10]  Bernhard Lendl,et al.  A New Method for Fast Preparation of Highly Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Active Silver Colloids at Room Temperature by Reduction of Silver Nitrate with Hydroxylamine Hydrochloride , 2003 .

[11]  P. Vandenabeele,et al.  Reference database of Raman spectra of biological molecules , 2007 .

[12]  R. Chen,et al.  Silver nanoparticle based surface enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy of diabetic and normal rat pancreatic tissue under near-infrared laser excitation , 2013 .

[13]  Wei Zheng,et al.  In vivo diagnosis of cervical precancer using Raman spectroscopy and genetic algorithm techniques. , 2011, The Analyst.

[14]  H. Zeng,et al.  SERS spectroscopy and multivariate analysis of globulin in human blood , 2014 .

[15]  S. Gonchukov,et al.  Periodontitis diagnostics using resonance Raman spectroscopy on saliva , 2013 .

[16]  C. Haynes,et al.  Detection of a foreign protein in milk using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy coupled with antibody-modified silver dendrites. , 2011, Analytical chemistry.

[17]  Karen Willcox,et al.  Kinetics and kinematics for translational motions in microgravity during parabolic flight. , 2009, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[18]  K. Li,et al.  Analysis of serum from type II diabetes mellitus and diabetic complication using surface-enhanced Raman spectra (SERS) , 2009 .

[19]  Rong Chen,et al.  Esophageal cancer detection based on tissue surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and multivariate analysis , 2013 .

[20]  Kenji Kobayashi,et al.  Endoscopic screening of early esophageal cancer with the Lugol dye method in patients with head and neck cancers , 1990, Cancer.

[21]  Rong Chen,et al.  Colorectal cancer detection by gold nanoparticle based surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of blood serum and statistical analysis. , 2011, Optics express.

[22]  U. Sur.  Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy , 2010 .

[23]  Rong Chen,et al.  Near-infrared confocal micro-Raman spectroscopy combined with PCA–LDA multivariate analysis for detection of esophageal cancer , 2013 .

[24]  P. Pardalos,et al.  Data Mining for Biomarker Discovery , 2012 .

[25]  Yun Yu,et al.  Nondestructive discrimination between normal and hematological malignancy cell lines using near-infrared Raman spectroscopy and multivariate analysis , 2014 .

[26]  K. König,et al.  Two-color Raman spectroscopy for the simultaneous detection of chemotherapeutics and antioxidative status of human skin , 2011 .

[27]  Yanlin Song,et al.  Enhanced nanoparticle-oligonucleotide conjugates for DNA nanomachine controlled surface-enhanced Raman scattering switch , 2011 .

[28]  Experiments in electron microscopy: from metals to nerves , 2015 .

[29]  D. McLean,et al.  Automated Autofluorescence Background Subtraction Algorithm for Biomedical Raman Spectroscopy , 2007, Applied spectroscopy.

[30]  Rong Chen,et al.  Label-free serum ribonucleic acid analysis for colorectal cancer detection by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and multivariate analysis. , 2012, Journal of biomedical optics.

[31]  Rong Chen,et al.  Gastric cancer detection based on blood plasma surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy excited by polarized laser light. , 2011, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[32]  Zufang Huang,et al.  Electrical pulse – mediated enhanced delivery of silver nanoparticles into living suspension cells for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy , 2012 .

[33]  A. Talari,et al.  Raman Spectroscopy of Biological Tissues , 2007 .

[34]  Zufang Huang,et al.  Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for differentiation between benign and malignant thyroid tissues , 2014 .

[35]  Jiong Hu,et al.  Measurement of serum cystatin C, creatinine clearance and urea micro-albumin as renal function evaluation indicators in cancer patients during chemotherapy with platinum , 2011 .

[36]  R. Birke,et al.  A unified view of surface-enhanced Raman scattering. , 2009, Accounts of chemical research.