The challenge of removing snow downfall on photovoltaic solar cell roofs in order to maximize solar energy efficiency—Research opportunities for the future

© 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. This is the authors' accepted and refereed manuscript to the article.

[1]  Evelyn N Wang,et al.  Reversible wetting-dewetting transitions on electrically tunable superhydrophobic nanostructured surfaces. , 2007, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[2]  W. Marsden I and J , 2012 .

[3]  Marco Marengo,et al.  Understanding the effect of superhydrophobic coatings on energy reduction in anti-icing systems , 2011 .

[4]  G. G. Stokes "J." , 1890, The New Yale Book of Quotations.

[5]  Didem Öner,et al.  Ultrahydrophobic Surfaces. Effects of Topography Length Scales on Wettability , 2000 .

[6]  Benjamin K. Sovacool,et al.  Energy efficiency and renewable energy under extreme conditions: case studies from Antarctica , 2010 .

[7]  Jack Major,et al.  Handbook of Snow: Principles, Processes, Management and Use , 1983 .

[8]  C. Granqvist,et al.  Advances in chromogenic materials and devices , 2010 .

[9]  S. Chaudhuri,et al.  Design of anti-icing coatings using supercooled droplets as nano-to-microscale probes. , 2012, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[10]  T. Ubukata,et al.  Enhanced effect of vacuum-deposited SiO2 overlayer on photo-induced hydrophilicity of TiO2 film , 2001 .

[11]  Bjørn Petter Jelle,et al.  Transmission Spectra of an Electrochromic Window Based on Polyaniline, Prussian Blue and Tungsten Oxide , 1993 .

[12]  T. Krupenkin,et al.  Superhydrophobicity at Micron and Submicron Scale , 2011 .

[13]  Peter Walzel,et al.  Wetting and self-cleaning properties of artificial superhydrophobic surfaces. , 2005, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[14]  H. Erbil,et al.  Range of applicability of the Wenzel and Cassie-Baxter equations for superhydrophobic surfaces. , 2009, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[15]  M. Farzaneh,et al.  A ZnO-based nanocomposite coating with ultra water repellent properties , 2012 .

[16]  Masoud Farzaneh,et al.  On ice-releasing properties of rough hydrophobic coatings , 2011 .

[17]  Bao-Lian Su,et al.  Superhydrophobic surfaces: from natural to biomimetic to functional. , 2011, Journal of colloid and interface science.

[18]  W. Barthlott,et al.  Purity of the sacred lotus, or escape from contamination in biological surfaces , 1997, Planta.

[19]  H. Cachier,et al.  Behaviour of self-cleaning glass in urban atmosphere , 2008 .

[20]  Aaas News,et al.  Book Reviews , 1893, Buffalo Medical and Surgical Journal.

[21]  Arild Gustavsen,et al.  The path to the high performance thermal building insulation materials and solutions of tomorrow , 2010 .

[22]  L. Eldada Nanotechnologies for efficient solar and wind energy harvesting and storage in smart-grid and transportation applications , 2011 .

[23]  Yanlin Song,et al.  Investigating the effects of solid surfaces on ice nucleation. , 2012, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[24]  Marie T. Alt,et al.  Hybrid surface design for robust superhydrophobicity. , 2012, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[25]  Yang-Tse Cheng,et al.  Effects of micro- and nano-structures on the self-cleaning behaviour of lotus leaves , 2006 .

[26]  Bjørn Petter Jelle,et al.  Building integrated photovoltaic products: A state-of-the-art review and future research opportunities , 2012 .

[27]  W. Sigmund,et al.  Artificial hairy surfaces with a nearly perfect hydrophobic response. , 2010, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[28]  Gareth H. McKinley,et al.  Superhydrophobic Carbon Nanotube Forests , 2003 .

[29]  Claes G. Granqvist,et al.  Handbook of inorganic electrochromic materials , 1995 .

[30]  C. Lampert Chromogenic smart materials , 2004 .

[31]  Yang Cheng,et al.  Is the lotus leaf superhydrophobic , 2005 .

[32]  Qiqi Tian,et al.  Effects of nano-fluorocarbon coating on icing , 2012 .

[33]  Joanna Aizenberg,et al.  Design of ice-free nanostructured surfaces based on repulsion of impacting water droplets. , 2010, ACS nano.

[34]  P. Chindaudom,et al.  Design and investigation of photo-induced super-hydrophilic materials for car mirrors , 2009 .

[35]  U. Erb,et al.  Superhydrophobic Structures on the Basis of Aspen Leaf Design , 2010 .

[36]  C. Granqvist Transparent conductors as solar energy materials: A panoramic review , 2007 .

[37]  J. Koenderink Q… , 2014, Les noms officiels des communes de Wallonie, de Bruxelles-Capitale et de la communaute germanophone.

[38]  Baitai Qian,et al.  Fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces by dislocation-selective chemical etching on aluminum, copper, and zinc substrates. , 2005, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[39]  Di Gao,et al.  Anti-icing superhydrophobic coatings. , 2009, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[40]  Bjørn Petter Jelle,et al.  Large-Scale Experimental Wind-Driven Rain Exposure Investigations of Building Integrated Photovoltaics , 2013 .

[41]  H. Erbil,et al.  Transformation of a Simple Plastic into a Superhydrophobic Surface , 2003, Science.

[42]  C. Lampert,et al.  Electrochromic materials and devices for energy-efficient windows. [161 references] , 1984 .

[43]  Bjørn Petter Jelle,et al.  Performance of an electrochromic window based on polyaniline, prussian blue and tungsten oxide , 1999 .

[44]  Lei Zhai,et al.  Transparent superhydrophobic films based on silica nanoparticles. , 2007, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[45]  Joanna Aizenberg,et al.  Liquid-infused nanostructured surfaces with extreme anti-ice and anti-frost performance. , 2012, ACS nano.

[46]  Hua-Zhong Yu,et al.  Water microdroplets on molecularly tailored surfaces: correlation between wetting hysteresis and evaporation mode switching. , 2005, The journal of physical chemistry. B.

[47]  T. Deng,et al.  Frost formation and ice adhesion on superhydrophobic surfaces , 2010 .

[48]  M. Farzaneh,et al.  Anti-icing performance of superhydrophobic surfaces , 2011 .

[49]  Tayfun Akin,et al.  Effect of pattern size and geometry on the use of Cassie–Baxter equation for superhydrophobic surfaces , 2011 .

[50]  Anker Nielsen,et al.  Computer simulation of wind speed, wind pressure and snow accumulation around buildings (SNOW-SIM) , 1994 .

[51]  Olivier Parent,et al.  Anti-icing and de-icing techniques for wind turbines: Critical review , 2011 .

[52]  Shi Luo,et al.  Fabrication of transparent superhydrophobic silica-based film on a glass substrate , 2012 .

[53]  Bjørn Petter Jelle,et al.  Solar radiation glazing factors for window panes, glass structures and electrochromic windows in buildings-Measurement and calculation , 2013 .

[54]  C. Lampert Smart switchable glazing for solar energy and daylight control , 1998 .

[55]  Arild Gustavsen,et al.  Fenestration of Today and Tomorrow: A State-of-the-Art Review and Future Research Opportunities , 2013 .

[56]  Lin Zhu,et al.  Research on the icephobic properties of fluoropolymer-based materials , 2011 .

[57]  Kim Robert Lisø,et al.  Robustness classification of materials, assemblies and buildings , 2014 .

[58]  M. Farzaneh,et al.  Effect of contact angle hysteresis on water droplet evaporation from super-hydrophobic surfaces , 2009 .

[59]  Bjørn Petter Jelle,et al.  Self-cleaning glazing products: A state-of-the-art review and future research pathways , 2013 .

[60]  Arild Gustavsen,et al.  Monodisperse hollow silica nanospheres for nano insulation materials: synthesis, characterization, and life cycle assessment. , 2013, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[61]  Wilhelm Barthlott,et al.  Characterization and Distribution of Water-repellent, Self-cleaning Plant Surfaces , 1997 .

[62]  Arild Gustavsen,et al.  Properties, Requirements and Possibilities of Smart Windows for Dynamic Daylight and Solar Energy Control in Buildings: A State-of-the-Art Review , 2010 .

[63]  Chunxiong Luo,et al.  Artificial lotus leaf by nanocasting. , 2005, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[64]  Arild Gustavsen,et al.  Synthesis of Hollow Silica Nanospheres by Sacrificial Polystyrene Templates for Thermal Insulation Applications , 2013 .

[65]  Massimo Guglielmi,et al.  Commercial and laboratory prepared titanium dioxide thin films for self-cleaning glasses: Photocatalytic performance and chemical durability , 2006 .

[66]  W. Barthlott,et al.  Mimicking natural superhydrophobic surfaces and grasping the wetting process: a review on recent progress in preparing superhydrophobic surfaces. , 2011, Advances in colloid and interface science.

[67]  Masoud Farzaneh,et al.  Anti-icing and deicing techniques , 2011 .

[68]  Bjørn Petter Jelle,et al.  State-of-the-art Building Integrated Photovoltaics , 2012 .

[69]  M. Farzaneh,et al.  Superhydrophobic and icephobic surfaces prepared by RF-sputtered polytetrafluoroethylene coatings , 2010 .

[70]  Arild Gustavsen,et al.  Solar material protection factor (SMPF) and solar skin protection factor (SSPF) for window panes and other glass structures in buildings , 2007 .

[71]  Bharat Bhushan,et al.  Micro- and nanoscale characterization of hydrophobic and hydrophilic leaf surfaces , 2006 .

[72]  Bjørn Petter Jelle,et al.  The Path to the Building Integrated Photovoltaics of Tomorrow , 2012 .

[73]  Bjørn Petter Jelle,et al.  Accelerated climate ageing of building materials, components and structures in the laboratory , 2012, Journal of Materials Science.

[74]  Victor F. Petrenko,et al.  Pulse Electrothermal De-Icing , 2003 .

[76]  H. Sugimura,et al.  Transparent ultra water-repellent poly(ethylene terephthalate) substrates fabricated by oxygen plasma treatment and subsequent hydrophobic coating , 2005 .

[77]  Glen McHale,et al.  Intrinsically Superhydrophobic Organosilica Sol−Gel Foams , 2003 .

[78]  C. Ryerson,et al.  Exceptional superhydrophobicity and low velocity impact icephobicity of acetone-functionalized carbon nanotube films. , 2011, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[79]  G. McKinley,et al.  Exploiting topographical texture to impart icephobicity. , 2010, ACS nano.

[80]  Arild Gustavsen,et al.  Accelerated climate aging of building materials and their characterization by Fourier transform infrared radiation analysis , 2012 .

[81]  Wolfgang M. Sigmund,et al.  Biologically inspired hairy structures for superhydrophobicity , 2011 .

[82]  M. Farzaneh,et al.  On wetting behavior of fluorocarbon coatings with various chemical and roughness characteristics , 2005 .

[83]  Bjørn Petter Jelle,et al.  Traditional, state-of-the-art and future thermal building insulation materials and solutions Prope , 2011 .

[84]  Wilfried Zörner,et al.  Performance of Vacuum Tube and Flat Plate Collectors Con- cerning Domestic Hot Water Preparation and Room Heating , 2005 .