Neutralization and antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue viruses.

Publisher Summary This chapter highlights the neutralization and protection against dengue infection by antibodies and relevant clinical and epidemiological and experimental studies that support the phenomenon of antibody-dependent enhanced (ADE) are discussed. Epidemiological studies provide the background evidence that shows ADE to be a biologically plausible hypothesis. Several mechanisms have been proposed for the neutralization of viruses in vivo : aggregation of viruses resulting in elimination by phagocytic cells; blocked attachment to one or another cell receptor by (a) stearic interference, (b) capsid stabilization, or (c) structural changes; or neutralization of uncoating due to (a) capsid stabilization or (b) interference with fusion.

[1]  S. Halstead,et al.  Epidemiologic studies on Dengue in Santiago de Cuba, 1997. , 2000, American journal of epidemiology.

[2]  K. Morita,et al.  Detection of the Disease Severity‐Related Molecular Differences among New Thai Dengue‐2 Isolates in 1993, Based on Their Structural Proteins and Major Non‐Structural Protein NS1 Sequences , 1996, Microbiology and immunology.

[3]  Donald S. Burke,et al.  Human HIV Vaccine Trials: Does Antibody-Dependent Enhancement Pose a Genuine Risk? , 2015, Perspectives in biology and medicine.

[4]  A. Spiegel,et al.  Dengue‐3 in French Polynesia: preliminary data , 1990, The Medical journal of Australia.

[5]  A. Sabin.  Research on dengue during World War II. , 1952, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[6]  J. Lennon.  Dengue in the Caribbean. , 1983, JAMA.

[7]  M. Guzmán,et al.  Partial nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the envelope and the envelope/nonstructural protein-1 gene junction of four dengue-2 virus strains isolated during the 1981 Cuban epidemic. , 1995, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[8]  S. Halstead,et al.  Dengue and Chikungunya Virus Infection in Man in Thailand, 1962–1964 , 1969 .

[9]  L. Rosen.  Comments on the epidemiology, pathogenesis and control of dengue. , 1999, Medecine tropicale : revue du Corps de sante colonial.

[10]  R. Rico-Hesse,et al.  Dengue Virus Structural Differences That Correlate with Pathogenesis , 1999, Journal of Virology.

[11]  C. King,et al.  Analysis of the steps involved in Dengue virus entry into host cells. , 1999, Virology.

[12]  S. Halstead,et al.  Pathogenesis of dengue: challenges to molecular biology. , 1988, Science.

[13]  L. Rosen.  The pathogenesis of dengue haemorrhagic fever. A critical appraisal of current hypotheses. , 1986, South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde.

[14]  S. Halstead,et al.  Subclinical Japanese encephalitis. I. Infection of Americans with limited residence in Korea. , 1962, American journal of hygiene.

[15]  R. Dulbecco,et al.  A study of the basic aspects of neutralization of two animal viruses, western equine encephalitis virus and poliomyelitis virus. , 1956, Virology.

[16]  S. Halstead.  In vivo enhancement of dengue virus infection in rhesus monkeys by passively transferred antibody. , 1979, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[17]  W. G. Downs,et al.  Isolation of dengue virus from a human being in Trinidad. , 1956, Science.

[18]  L. Morris,et al.  Dengue fever in a Puerto Rican community. , 1967, American journal of epidemiology.

[19]  W. Hammon,et al.  Viruses Associated with Epidemic Hemorrhagic Fevers of the Philippines and Thailand , 1960, Science.

[20]  S. Halstead,et al.  Summary report: workshop on the potential risks of antibody-dependent enhancement in human HIV vaccine trials. , 1993, AIDS research and human retroviruses.

[21]  K. Lafferty,et al.  The enhancement of virus infectivity by antibody , 1967 .

[22]  F. Ennis,et al.  Antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection mediated by bispecific antibodies against cell surface molecules other than Fc gamma receptors. , 1991, Journal of immunology.

[23]  S. Halstead,et al.  Growth of dengue type 2 virus isolates in human peripheral blood leukocytes correlates with severe and mild dengue disease. , 1991, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[24]  C. Anderson,et al.  Characterization of the Fc receptor for IgG on a human macrophage cell line, U937. , 1980, Journal of immunology.

[25]  A. Nisalak,et al.  Dengue virus identification by the plaque reduction neutralization test. , 1967, Journal of immunology.

[26]  D R Burton,et al.  A model for neutralization of viruses based on antibody coating of the virion surface. , 2001, Current topics in microbiology and immunology.

[27]  J. Mackenzie,et al.  Dengue virus binding to human leukocyte cell lines: receptor usage differs between cell types and virus strains. , 2001, Virus research.

[28]  A. Nisalak,et al.  A prospective study of dengue infections in Bangkok. , 1988, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[29]  H. Hotta,et al.  Dengue Virus Multiplication in Cultures of Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages: Effects of Macrophage Activators , 1982, Microbiology and immunology.

[30]  J. Mascola,et al.  Human skin Langerhans cells are targets of dengue virus infection , 2000, Nature Medicine.

[31]  S. Halstead,et al.  Original antigenic sin in dengue. , 1983, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[32]  P. Morahan,et al.  VIRUSES AND THE VERSATILE MACROPHAGE , 1985, British medical bulletin.

[33]  D. V. Vanden Berghe,et al.  Interaction of mouse peritoneal macrophages with different arboviruses in vitro. , 1977, The Journal of general virology.

[34]  A. Rudnick,et al.  Studies of the ecology of dengue in Malaysia: a preliminary report. , 1965, Journal of medical entomology.

[35]  N. White,et al.  Strong HLA class I--restricted T cell responses in dengue hemorrhagic fever: a double-edged sword? , 2001, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[36]  M. Guzmán,et al.  Dengue hemorrhagic fever in Cuba, 1981: a retrospective seroepidemiologic study. , 1990, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[37]  S. Halstead.  The Alexander D. Langmuir Lecture. The pathogenesis of dengue. Molecular epidemiology in infectious disease. , 1981, American journal of epidemiology.

[38]  S. Watowich,et al.  Evolutionary Relationships of Endemic/Epidemic and Sylvatic Dengue Viruses , 2000, Journal of Virology.

[39]  A. Sabin,et al.  PRODUCTION OF IMMUNITY TO DENGUE WITH VIRUS MODIFIED BY PROPAGATION IN MICE , 1945, Science.

[40]  J. Esko,et al.  Dengue virus infectivity depends on envelope protein binding to target cell heparan sulfate , 1997, Nature Medicine.

[41]  H. Hotta,et al.  Increased Multiplication of Dengue Virus in Mouse Peritoneal Macrophage Cultures by Treatment with Extracts of Ascaris‐Parascaris Parasites , 1985, Microbiology and immunology.

[42]  S. Halstead,et al.  Simplified plaque reduction neutralization assay for dengue viruses by semimicro methods in BHK-21 cells: comparison of the BHK suspension test with standard plaque reduction neutralization , 1985, Journal of clinical microbiology.

[43]  J. Hoxie,et al.  Nonrandom association of cellular antigens with HTLV-III virions. , 1987, Human immunology.

[44]  D. Burton.  Antibodies in viral infection , 2001 .

[45]  D. S. Adams,et al.  Acute arthritis in caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus challenge exposure of vaccinated or persistently infected goats. , 1986, American journal of veterinary research.

[46]  S. Halstead,et al.  Enhancement of dengue virus infection in monocytes by flavivirus antisera. , 1980, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[47]  J. Roehrig,et al.  Antibodies to dengue 2 virus E-glycoprotein synthetic peptides identify antigenic conformation. , 1990, Virology.

[48]  S. Halstead,et al.  Observations related to pathogenesis of dengue hemorrhagic fever. I. Experience with classification of dengue viruses. , 1970, The Yale journal of biology and medicine.

[49]  T. Smith,et al.  Antibody interactions with rhinovirus: lessons for mechanisms of neutralization and the role of immunity in viral evolution. , 2001, Current topics in microbiology and immunology.

[50]  A. Gibbs,et al.  Variation of the nucleotide and encoded amino acid sequences of the envelope gene from eight dengue-2 viruses , 2005, Archives of Virology.

[51]  S. Halstead,et al.  Do escape mutants explain rapid increases in dengue casefatality rates within epidemics? , 2000, The Lancet.

[52]  S. Halstead,et al.  Heterogeneity of infection enhancement of dengue 2 strains by monoclonal antibodies. , 1984, Journal of immunology.

[53]  A. Nisalak,et al.  A plaque reduction test for dengue virus neutralizing antibodies. , 1967, Journal of immunology.

[54]  S. Halstead,et al.  Dengue d chikungunya virus infection in man in Thailand, 1962-1964. II. Observations on disease in outpatients. , 1969 .

[55]  D. Gubler,et al.  Epidemic dengue hemorrhagic fever in rural Indonesia. I. Virological and epidemiological studies. , 1979, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[56]  A Marchler-Bauer,et al.  Structural requirements for low-pH-induced rearrangements in the envelope glycoprotein of tick-borne encephalitis virus , 1996, Journal of virology.

[57]  S. Halstead,et al.  Studies on the immunization of monkeys against dengue. II. Protection following inoculation of combinations of viruses. , 1973, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[58]  L. Rosen,et al.  Disease exacerbation caused by sequential dengue infections: myth or reality? , 1989, Reviews of infectious diseases.

[59]  J. S. Porterfield.  Antibody-dependent enhancement of viral infectivity. , 1986, Advances in virus research.

[60]  E. Wimmer.  Cellular receptors for animal viruses , 1994 .

[61]  T. Springer,et al.  Interaction of West Nile virus with primary murine macrophages: role of cell activation and receptors for antibody and complement , 1986, Journal of virology.

[62]  B. Chandran,et al.  Mapping of a region of dengue virus type-2 glycoprotein required for binding by a neutralizing monoclonal antibody , 1992, Gene.

[63]  A. Rudnick.  Aedes aegypti and haemorrhagic fever. , 1967, Bulletin of the World Health Organization.

[64]  J. Schlesinger,et al.  Growth of 17D yellow fever virus in a macrophage-like cell line, U937: role of Fc and viral receptors in antibody-mediated infection. , 1981, Journal of immunology.

[65]  C. Mandl,et al.  Oligomeric rearrangement of tick-borne encephalitis virus envelope proteins induced by an acidic pH , 1995, Journal of virology.

[66]  S. Halstead,et al.  Immune enhancement of viral infection. , 1982, Progress in allergy.

[67]  L. Rosen.  OBSERVATIONS ON THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF DENGUE IN PANAMA , 1958 .

[68]  J. Unkeless,et al.  Structure and function of human and murine receptors for IgG. , 1988, Annual review of immunology.

[69]  S. Cohen,et al.  Observations related to pathogenesis of dengue hemorrhagic fever. IV. Relation of disease severity to antibody response and virus recovered. , 1970, The Yale journal of biology and medicine.

[70]  A. Nisalak,et al.  Antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus growth in human monocytes as a risk factor for dengue hemorrhagic fever. , 1989, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[71]  S. Halstead.  25 Antibody-dependent Enhancement of Infection: A Mechanism for Indirect Virus Entry into Cells , 1994 .

[72]  E. G. Westaway,et al.  A multi-hit model for the neutralization of animal viruses. , 1978, The Journal of general virology.

[73]  S. Halstead,et al.  Comparison of Dengue Virus Plaque Reduction Neutralization by Macro and ‘Semi‐Micro’ Methods in LLC‐MK2 Cells , 1985, Microbiology and immunology.

[74]  S. Halstead,et al.  Dengue chikungunya virus infection in man in Thailand, 1962-1964. 3. Clinical, epidemiologic, and virologic observations on disease in non-indigenous white persons. , 1969, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[75]  S. Halstead,et al.  An explanation for enhanced virus plaque formation in chick embryo cells , 1980, Nature.

[76]  A. Helenius,et al.  Virus Entry into Animal Cells , 1989, Advances in Virus Research.

[77]  D. Gubler,et al.  Genetic and biological differentiation of dengue 3 isolates obtained from clinical cases in Java, Indonesia, 1976–1978 , 2005, Archives of Virology.

[78]  A. Nisalak,et al.  Evidence that maternal dengue antibodies are important in the development of dengue hemorrhagic fever in infants. , 1988, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[79]  S. Halstead,et al.  A prospective seroepidemiologic study on dengue in children four to nine years of age in Yogyakarta, Indonesia I. studies in 1995-1996. , 1999, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[80]  V. Deubel,et al.  Molecular epidemiology of dengue 3 viruses and genetic relatedness among dengue 3 strains isolated from patients with mild or severe form of dengue fever in French Polynesia. , 1993, The Journal of general virology.

[81]  R. M. Scott,et al.  Histocompatibility antigens and dengue hemorrhagic fever. , 1981, American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

[82]  H. Bielefeldt-Ohmann.  Analysis of antibody-independent binding of dengue viruses and dengue virus envelope protein to human myelomonocytic cells and B lymphocytes. , 1998, Virus research.

[83]  W. Bancroft,et al.  Dengue virus type 2 vaccine: reactogenicity and immunogenicity in soldiers. , 1984, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[84]  S. Halstead,et al.  Disease severity‐related antigenic differences in dengue 2 strains detected by dengue 4 monoclonal antibodies , 1987, Journal of medical virology.

[85]  S. Halstead,et al.  Studies on the pathogenesis of dengue infection in monkeys. I. Clinical laboratory responses to primary infection. , 1973, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[86]  S. Halstead,et al.  Role of antibodies and host cells in plaque enhancement of Murray Valley encephalitis virus , 1983, Journal of virology.

[87]  J. Schlesinger,et al.  Use of recombinant fusion proteins and monoclonal antibodies to define linear and discontinuous antigenic sites on the dengue virus envelope glycoprotein. , 1992, Virology.

[88]  SB Halstead,et al.  Dengue viruses and mononuclear phagocytes. I. Infection enhancement by non-neutralizing antibody , 1977, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[89]  S. Gollins,et al.  A new mechanism for the neutralization of enveloped viruses by antiviral antibody , 1986, Nature.

[90]  R. Rico-Hesse,et al.  Molecular evolution of dengue type 2 virus in Thailand. , 1998, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[91]  S. Cohen,et al.  Dengue and chikungunya virus infection in man in Thailand, 1962-1964. I. Observations on hospitalized patients with hemorrhagic fever. , 1969 .

[92]  K. Morita,et al.  Sequences of E/NS1 Gene Junction from Four Dengue‐2 Viruses of Northeastern Thailand and Their Evolutionary Relationships with Other Dengue‐2 Viruses , 1995, Microbiology and immunology.

[93]  P. Basanta,et al.  Association of dengue hemorrhagic fever with the HLA system. , 1987, Haematologia.

[94]  S. Halstead.  Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever , 1990 .

[95]  S. Halstead,et al.  Effect of dengue-1 antibodies on American dengue-2 viral infection and dengue haemorrhagic fever , 2002, The Lancet.

[96]  M. Guzmán,et al.  Dengue haemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome: lessons from the Cuban epidemic, 1981. , 1989, Bulletin of the World Health Organization.

[97]  S. Halstead,et al.  Profiles of antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus type 2 infection. , 1987, Microbial pathogenesis.

[98]  A. Nisalak,et al.  Dengue viremia titer, antibody response pattern, and virus serotype correlate with disease severity. , 2000, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[99]  S. Halstead,et al.  Studies on the pathogenesis of dengue infection in monkeys. II. Clinical laboratory responses to heterologous infection. , 1973, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[100]  S. Mogensen.  Role of macrophages in natural resistance to virus infections , 1979, Microbiological reviews.

[101]  S. Halstead,et al.  Tissue culture techniques for the study of dengue viruses. , 1966, Bulletin of the World Health Organization.

[102]  S. Halstead,et al.  Antibody-enhanced dengue virus infection in primate leukocytes , 1977, Nature.

[103]  M. Cardosa,et al.  Complement receptor mediates enhanced flavivirus replication in macrophages , 1983, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[104]  R. Rico-Hesse,et al.  Molecular evolution and distribution of dengue viruses type 1 and 2 in nature. , 1990, Virology.

[105]  S. Halstead,et al.  Effect of age on outcome of secondary dengue 2 infections. , 2002, International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases.

[106]  S. Halstead,et al.  Risk factors in dengue shock syndrome: a prospective epidemiologic study in Rayong, Thailand. I. The 1980 outbreak. , 1984, American journal of epidemiology.

[107]  M. Blaser,et al.  Identification of a unique IgG Fc binding site in human intestinal epithelium. , 1989, Journal of immunology.

[108]  A. Nisalak,et al.  Recurrence of epidemic dengue hemorrhagic fever in an insular setting. , 1969, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[109]  P. Griffiths,et al.  HIV susceptibility conferred to human fibroblasts by cytomegalovirus-induced Fc receptor , 1990, Nature.

[110]  S. Halstead,et al.  Measurement of antibody-dependent infection enhancement of four dengue virus serotypes by monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. , 1990, The Journal of general virology.

[111]  C. Ramos,et al.  A 65-kDa trypsin-sensible membrane cell protein as a possible receptor for dengue virus in cultured neuroblastoma cells. , 1997, Journal of neurovirology.

[112]  S. Halstead,et al.  Hemorrhagic fever in Thailand; recent knowledge regarding etiology. , 1967, Japanese journal of medical science & biology.

[113]  Daniel J. Gould,et al.  An insular outbreak of dengue hemorrhagic fever. II. Virologic and serologic studies. , 1968, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[114]  S. Halstead,et al.  Studies on the pathogenesis of dengue infection in monkeys. 3. Sequential distribution of virus in primary and heterologous infections. , 1973, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[115]  S. Halstead,et al.  Studies on the immunization of monkeys against dengue. I. Protection derived from single and sequential virus infections. , 1973, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[116]  Katherine Detre,et al.  294. Note: The Comparison of Two Poisson-Distributed Observations , 1970 .

[117]  R. Hawkes,et al.  ENHANCEMENT OF THE INFECTIVITY OF ARBOVIRUSES BY SPECIFIC ANTISERA PRODUCED IN DOMESTIC FOWLS. , 1964, The Australian journal of experimental biology and medical science.

[118]  F. Ennis,et al.  Gamma interferon augments Fc gamma receptor-mediated dengue virus infection of human monocytic cells , 1988, Journal of virology.

[119]  S. Halstead.  5 – Immunological Parameters of Togavirus Disease Syndromes , 1980 .

[120]  L. Borysiewicz,et al.  Induction of immunoglobulin G Fc receptors by recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing glycoproteins E and I of herpes simplex virus type 1 , 1990, Journal of virology.

[121]  Sullivan Nj.  Antibody-mediated enhancement of viral disease. , 2001 .

[122]  A. Igarashi,et al.  Molecular and in vitro analysis of eight dengue type 2 viruses isolated from patients exhibiting different disease severities. , 1998, Virology.

[123]  W. Hammon,et al.  VIROLOGICAL FINDINGS IN THE 1960 HEMORRHAGIC FEVER EPIDEMIC (DENGUE) IN THAILAND. , 1964, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[124]  A. Allison,et al.  Dengue viruses and mononuclear phagocytes. II. Identity of blood and tissue leukocytes supporting in vitro infection , 1977, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[125]  S. Halstead,et al.  Failure of secondary infection with American genotype dengue 2 to cause dengue haemorrhagic fever , 1999, The Lancet.

[126]  L. Rosen.  The Emperor's New Clothes revisited, or reflections on the pathogenesis of dengue hemorrhagic fever. , 1977, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[127]  M. Aye,et al.  Risk factors in dengue shock syndrome. , 1997, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.