A Bidirectional Modular Multilevel Resonant DC–DC Converter for Wide Voltage Range Medium-Voltage Power Conversion

The arm inductor is found to cause the loss of soft switching in modular multilevel resonant dc–dc converters, so a full-range soft switching converter with wide voltage gain is proposed in this article. The modular multilevel structure and the CLLC resonant tank are utilized in the converter for isolated and bidirectional power conversion in medium-voltage applications with high efficiency. Wide and continuous voltage gain regulation can be achieved with the proposed coordinated gain control method. The submodule voltages are balanced by voltage sampling and individual gate signal controls. The requirements for full-range soft switching are explained. Finally, a laboratory prototype is constructed and the experimental results verify the theoretical analysis.

[1]  Wu Chen,et al.  A Sharing-Branch Modular Multilevel DC Transformer With Wide Voltage Range Regulation for DC Distribution Grids , 2022, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[2]  T. Green,et al.  Inherent SM Voltage Balance for Multilevel Circulant Modulation in Modular Multilevel DC–DC Converters , 2021, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[3]  Junming Zhang,et al.  Bidirectional Modular Multilevel Resonant DC-DC Converter for Medium Voltage Power Conversion , 2020, 2020 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE).

[4]  I. Batarseh,et al.  Review and Comparison of Resonant DC-DC Converters for Wide-Output Voltage Range Applications , 2020, 2020 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE).

[5]  Chushan Li,et al.  A Modular Multilevel Resonant DC–DC Converter , 2020, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[6]  Timothy C. Green,et al.  Trapezoidal Current Modulation for Bidirectional High-Step-Ratio Modular DC–DC Converters , 2020, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[7]  Xuehua Wang,et al.  LLC-MMC Resonant DC-DC Converter: Modulation Method and Capacitor Voltage Balance Control Strategy , 2020, 2020 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC).

[8]  Chao Liu,et al.  An Isolated Modular Multilevel Converter (I-M2C) Topology Based on High-Frequency Link (HFL) Concept , 2020, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[9]  Juan C. Vasquez,et al.  Investigation of Nonlinear Droop Control in DC Power Distribution Systems: Load Sharing, Voltage Regulation, Efficiency, and Stability , 2019, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[10]  Haoyu Wang,et al.  Wide Voltage Gain Range LLC DC/DC Topologies: State-of-the-Art , 2018, 2018 International Power Electronics Conference (IPEC-Niigata 2018 -ECCE Asia).

[11]  Xinke Wu,et al.  A Capacitor Voltage Balancing Method for a Modular Multilevel DC Transformer for DC Distribution System , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[12]  Wenhua Liu,et al.  Comparative Analysis of Multilevel-High-Frequency-Link and Multilevel-DC-Link DC–DC Transformers Based on MMC and Dual-Active Bridge for MVDC Application , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[13]  Timothy C. Green,et al.  An Isolated Resonant Mode Modular Converter With Flexible Modulation and Variety of Configurations for MVDC Application , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[14]  Wenhua Liu,et al.  High-Frequency-Link Modulation Methodology of DC–DC Transformer Based on Modular Multilevel Converter for HVDC Application: Comprehensive Analysis and Experimental Verification , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[15]  Xu Yang,et al.  Operation and Performance of Resonant Modular Multilevel Converter With Flexible Step Ratio , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[16]  Osama Mohammed,et al.  Energy Storage Technologies for High-Power Applications , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[17]  Xinbo Ruan,et al.  Soft-Switching Operation of Isolated Modular DC/DC Converters for Application in HVDC Grids , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[18]  Xu Cai,et al.  Wide voltage range operation of isolated modular multilevel DC-DC converter , 2015, IECON 2015 - 41st Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society.

[19]  Barry W. Williams,et al.  Analysis and Design of a Modular Multilevel Converter With Trapezoidal Modulation for Medium and High Voltage DC-DC Transformers , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[20]  Wenhua Liu,et al.  Overview of Dual-Active-Bridge Isolated Bidirectional DC–DC Converter for High-Frequency-Link Power-Conversion System , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[21]  Ping Wang,et al.  A three-phase 10 kVAC-750 VDC power electronic transformer for smart distribution grid , 2013, 2013 15th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE).

[22]  P. N. Enjeti,et al.  A new medium-voltage energy storage converter topology with medium-frequency transformer isolation , 2012, 2012 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE).

[23]  T.-F. Wu,et al.  Dc-bus voltage regulation and power compensation with bi-directional inverter in dc-microgrid applications , 2011, 2011 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition.

[24]  Issa Batarseh,et al.  An overview of generic battery models , 2011, 2011 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting.

[25]  Dushan Boroyevich,et al.  Future electronic power distribution systems a contemplative view , 2010, 2010 12th International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment.

[26]  Xinbo Ruan,et al.  DC/DC Conversion Systems Consisting of Multiple Converter Modules: Stability, Control, and Experimental Verifications , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[27]  V. Vorperian,et al.  Synthesis of Medium Voltage dc-to-dc Converters From Low-Voltage, High-Frequency PWM Switching Converters , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[28]  V. Vorperian,et al.  Power system considerations for undersea observatories , 2002 .

[29]  F. Lee,et al.  LLC resonant converter for front end DC/DC conversion , 2002, APEC. Seventeenth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (Cat. No.02CH37335).

[30]  D.M. Divan,et al.  A three-phase soft-switched high power density DC/DC converter for high power applications , 1988, Conference Record of the 1988 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting.

[31]  H. Jin,et al.  A Novel Hybrid DC Transformer Combining Modular Multilevel Converter Structure and Series-Connected Semiconductor Switches , 2022, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[32]  I. Batarseh,et al.  A Comprehensive Review of Power Converter Topologies and Control Methods for Electric Vehicle Fast Charging Applications , 2022, IEEE Access.

[33]  Wuhua Li,et al.  Control Optimization of Modular Multilevel Resonant DC Converters for Wide-Input-Range MVdc to LVdc Applications , 2022, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[34]  Samir Kouro,et al.  Circuit Topologies, Modeling, Control Schemes, and Applications of Modular Multilevel Converters , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[35]  Maryam Saeedifard,et al.  Operation, Control, and Applications of the Modular Multilevel Converter: A Review , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.